FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE Daily Report— Central Eurasia This report contains information which is or may be copyrighted in a FBIS-SOV-94-191 number of countries. Therefcre, copying and/or further dissemination of Monday the report is expressly prohibited without obtaining the permission of 3 October 1994 the copyright owner(s). NOTICE TO READERS: Due to customer demand, FBIS plans to begin publishing statistical material from Russia and other independent states of the former Soviet Union in the FBIS Daily Report: Central Eurasia (FBIS-SOV series) as a weekly Supplement titled “Economic Review.” Statistical material now appearing in the FBIS Report: Central Eurasia (FBIS-USR series), which has a smaller circulation, will temporarily be double-published in both reports through 28 September. Economic material which refers to policy issues rather than statistics will continue to be published in the FBIS- USR series, pending further review. New customers should subscribe to the FBIS Daily Ru cru: Central Eurasia (FBIS-SOV series) to obtain the weekly Central Eurasia Economic Review in the future. Currently Daily Report customers will receive this Supplement automatically. Daily Report Central Eurasia FBIS-SOV-94-19] CONTENTS 3 October 1994 NOTICE TO READERS: Effective | October, the processing indicators appearing in brackets at the start of each item in this publication will be changed. All new indicators will begin with “FBIS” to make the material more easily identifiable. Some will also indicate whether the item has been translated from the vernacular or transcribed from English. INTERREGIONAL AFFAIRS ITAR-TASS Carries Press Review for 1 Oct RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Clinton, Yeltsin Sign Strategic Agreement //74AR-TASS] Commentary on Yeltsin-Clinton Summit Paper Cites Remarks /RABOCHAYA TRIBUNA I! Oct] Summit Yields ‘Modest’ Result /JZVESTIYA 1 Oct] Positive Outcome of Washington Summit Eyed /TRUD 30 Sep] Reportage on Talks With Irish Prime Minister Yeltsin, Soskovets Arrive //7AR-TASS] Soskovets Says Yeltsin ‘Very Tired’ //7AR-TASS] Yeltsin, Reynolds Reportedly Meet /Moscow TI Further 9n Reported Meeting /NOVAYA YEZH Yeltsin Heads for Moscow /I/7AR-TASS] Statement on Yeltsin ‘Indisposition’ (/7AR-TASS] Reynolds Says Yeltsin Plans Longer Visit fae pa 5] Foreign Ministry Spokesman Comments //7AR-TASS Shokhin Wants IMF To Make Funds ‘More Accessible’ //7AR-TASS] German Minister Apologizes Over Serb Arms Allegations /Radio Rossi Kokoshin, Italy’s Angioni Discuss Military Cooperation /KOMMERSA Foreign Minister Kozyrev Holds Meetings at UN Meeting With Japanese Counterpart ‘Positive’ //TAR-TASS/ Comments on Lifting Bosnia Arms Embargo //TAR-TASS] Meets With EU Foreign Ministers /Moscow Radio] Meets With Israel’s Peres //7AR-TASS] Meets CIS Counterparts //7AR-TASS] Meets With France’s Juppe //TAR-TASS] Meets With Persian Gulf Officials //7AR-TASS, Meets With ‘Rio Group’ Ministers //TAR-TASS] Foreign Minister Churkin To Be NATO Representative /INTERFAX] Moscow To Continue ‘Interaction’ With CIA /Moscow TV] Duma Official on Foreign Intelligence Activities /INTERFAX] RUSSIA NATICNAL AFFAIRS Political Issues Yeltsin Returns to Moscow After U.S. Visit //7AR-TASS] Comments on Not Meeting Irish Premier oo 1V) Suskovets on Reynolds Meeting /Moscow TV, *10,000° Participate in Moscow Demonstrations //TAR-TASS] Interior Ministry Issues Report /Moscow Radio] ‘Remembrance’ Events Authorized /ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA 1 Oct] Remembrance Service Held //TAR-TASS] Rybkin, Yushenkov Cited on Oct Anniversary [NOVAYA YEZHEDNEVNAYA GAZETA 28 Sep] Rutskoy Calls for Repentance, Berates Opposition /Moscow TV] Chernomyrdin Meets Communist Party Leaders //TAR-TASS] Zyuganov Comments on Meeting //NTERFAX] Chernomyrdin Meets With Deputies on Regional Policy /JINTERFAX] Chernomyrdin Leaves for Vacation in Sochi /INTERFAX] National Patriots Urge Restoration of Slav Union //TAR-TASS] Interior Ministry Develops Antinarcotics Program /INTERFAX, Kamchatka Volcano Eruption Poses Danger to Aircraft //7AR-TASS] FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 Central Eurasia Eruption “Close to Catastrophic’ //TAR-TASS] Malaria Outbreak Reported in Volgograd /Radio Rossii] Harvest Augurs ‘Massive Grain Purchases Abroad’ /NEZAVISIMAYA GAZETA 1! Oct] Economic Issues Chernomyrdin Says Drop in Production Leveling Out “a Radio Businesses Reject Government Industrial Policy Council /SEGODNYA 1 Oct] Labor Minister Predicts Growth in Unemployment //7AR-TASS] Trade Union’s Shmakov Views Unemployment /RABOCHAYA TRIBUNA 30 Sep] Economy Ministry Seen Ineffective at Forecasting /KOMMERSANT-DAILY 30 Sep) Savings Bank Drops Interest Rates for Savers /Radio Rossii Statistical Committee Notes Sep Inflation Rise /INTERFAX] Producers Protest Lack of Protection /RABOCHAYA TRIBUNA I Oct] Military Issues Defense Ministry Request for Funds Seen ‘Excessive’ //TAR-TASS] Defense Plants To Have Teleinformation System //T7AR-TASS] Air Force Training Commander Interviewed TED YA ZVEZDA 30 Sep] Military Farms’ Performance Praised /KRASNAYA ZVEZDA 29 Sep] Regional Affairs AN-8 Crash in Far East Kills Six /INTERFAX] Cl Spokesman Rejects Chechen Terrorism Threats //7TAR-TASS] Chechnya Denies Planning Terrorist Acts //7AR-TASS] Groznyy Denies ‘Terrorism’ Plans //TAR-TASS, Shakhray Says Dudayev Accepts Middle East Exile /JINTERFAX] Groznyy Airport Under Dudayev Control /I/7TAR-TASS] Dudayev Calls for Defense of Independence //TAR-TASS] Ultimatum to Dudayev Expires; Situation Calm /INTERFAX] Chechen Leaders Reject Ultimatum /INTERFAX] Urge UN To Send Observers /INTERFAX] Opposition Forces Preparing for Fresh Hostilities Dudayev Supporters Hold Rally //TAR-TASS] Chechen Vice President Calls for Elections /INTERFAX] Chechnya’s Mamodayev Calls for Reconciliation //7AR-TASS] Filatov Rules Out Russian Troops in Chechnya //NTERFAX] Groznyy Planning ‘All-Out Guerrilla Warfare’ /INTERFAX] Official Reports Chechnya Situation ‘Calm’ //TAR-TASS] Russian Units Reportedly Fighting in Nadterechnyy Rayon /Russian TV] Chechnya Village Attacked; Russia Denies Involvement os Chechnya Adopts Plan To Protect Independence /ITAR-TASS, Chechen Government Steps Up Military Preparations /INTERFAX] ‘No Fighting’ in Chechnya; Tension Grows /INTERFAX, Chechnya Does Not Intend To Attack Russian Cities /INTERFAX] Chechen Rebels Raid Airfield Near Groznyy /Moscow Radio] ‘Itogi’ Program Reports on Chechen Situation //TAR-TASS] Military Gunships Attack Groznyy Suburb //TAR-TASS] Chechen Republic Appeals to Turkey for Help //TAR-TASS] Chechen Government Appeals for Public Support //TAR-TASS] Khasbulatov Calls For Armed Force Against Opposition /Moscow Radio] Defense Ministry Denies Army Involved in Chechnya //7AR-TASS] Tougher Security Measures Introduced in Chechnya Fg Soi Opposition Says Helicopters Piloted by Chechens //TAR-TASS] UKRAINE International Affairs Government Signs Agreement on Nuclear Material IMF Grants $360 Million Credit /UNIJAR] Deputies Hold Anti-Kuchma, IMF Rally /UNIJAR] Ukrainian-Uzbek Documents Signed in Kiev //NTERFAX] Foieign Minister Meets With Israeli Counterpart /Kiev TV] Moroz Meets UN Officials in New York /Kiev International] National Affairs Crimean Parliament Intends To Form Government [UNIAN] Kuchma Pledges No Reversal of Crimean Autonomy /UNIAN] Kuchma Seeks Subordination of Local Council Heads /Kiev International] Horbulin Says Crimea ‘Becoming More Confrontational’ /Kiev TV] FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 Central Eurasia Tsekov Calls for Meshkov Resignation /KRYMSKAYA PRAVDA 28 Sep Tsekov Deplores Meshkov Presidency /KRYMSKAYA PRAVDA 29 Sep Crimea’s Melnykov Blames Crisis on Meshkov /UNIJAN] Crimea’s Russia-Unity Group Favors ‘Zero Option’ /Kiev International] Crimean Russian Party Holds Congress /KRYMSKIYE IZVESTIYA 28 Sep Cabinet of Ministers Issues New Appointments /URYADOVYY KURYER 29 Sep] Kuchma Wants Ukrainian as ‘Truly State Language’ /JNTERFAX] Kuchma Opts for IMF-Guided Reform /INTERFAX Oil Terminal Deemed Key to ‘Strategic Development [Ukrainian Republican Party Weekly Bulletin 28 Sep] Chernobyl! Turbogenerator Stops Due to Fault; Repaired /UNIJAR/ Bread Prices Rise 50 Percent in Kiev /Radio Rossii] WESTERN REGION Belarus Lukashenka Signs Edict Reorganizing Government /BELAPAN] Supreme Soviet Adopts Anticrisis Program //7AR-TASS] Entrepreneurs Criticize Presidential Decree /BELAPAN Government Against Introducing National Currency /JNTERFAX] CENTRAL ASIA Kazakhstan Official on Nazarbayev Visits /INTERFAX] Nazarbayev Performs Pilgrimage to Mecca /Moscow TV] Poll Cites Resistance To Moving Capital /INTERFAX] Foreign Minister Departs for UN Session /Almaty Radio] Foreign Minister, Iranian Envoy on Accords /Almaty Radio] Pakistani Interior Minister on Drug Trafficking /Almaty Radio] Kyrgyzstan Agreement Reached With Pakistan on Trade (//slamabad Radio Prime Minister Demands ‘Urgent’ Economic Measures //7AR-TASS] President Akayev Supports Two-Chamber Parliament //NTERFAX] Grenade Fired at Cars in Bishkek //TAR-TASS] Tajikistan Rakhmonov Addresses United Nations /Dushanbe Radio] Rakhmonov Meets Ukraine’s Moroz in New York /Dushanbe Radio] Rakhmonov, Kozyrev Welcome UN Peacekeeper Support /Radio Rossii] Rakhmonov Stops in Moscow on Return From New York /Dushanbe Radio] International Cbservers Wanted To Oversee Elections hari Missiles Firee on Border Guards on Afghan Border //TAR-TASS, Russian Border Guard Command Urges End to Hostilities //7AR-TASS] Uzbekistan CSCE Seminar Ends in Tashkent //7AR-TASS] Supreme Assembly Election Preparations Discussed /NARODNOYE SLOVO 30 Sep] 50,000 Signatures Needed To Participate in Elections /NARODNOYE SLOVO 30 Sep] Official Calls Kabul Bombing Accusations ‘Absurd’ //TAR-TASS] Book by Karimov Published /Moscow Radio] New Quarterly Financial Magazine Published /NARODNOYE SLOVO 27 Sep] CAUCASUS Armenia British Parliamentary Delegation Arrives /SNARK CSCE ‘Technical Mission’ Arrives in Yerevan /SNARK Prime Minister Departs for Madrid IMF Conference TAR-TASS, Paper Notes Eliasson Comment on Karabakh /RESPUBLIKA ARMENIYA 27 Sep, Nuclear Security Convention Signed /ARAGIJL ELECTRONIC NEWS BULLETIN] U.S., UN To Take More Active Role in Karabakh [ARAGIL ELECTRONIC NEWS BULLETIN] Azerbaijan Officials Assassinated in Baku Coup Fears Expressed /TURAN] Guliyev: Destabilizing Attempt //7AR-TASS Politicians Condemn Assassinations /JNTERFAX] FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 Central Eurasia Political Leaders Comment on Terrorism /TURAN/] Parliament Chairman’s Statement /Baku TV] Aliyev Statement on Violence /Baku TV] Law Enforcement Criticized Over Murders Feng TV] Three Reported Arrested for Officials’ Murders /Radio Rossii] OMON Seizes Procuracy; Military Units Entering Baku /Moscow Radio] Deputy Interior Minister Behind Attack //TAR-TASS] Raid on Prosecutor’s Building Ends /Ankara Radio/ OMON Members Disarmed //NTERFAX, Procurator-General Released /I/TAR-TASS] France Said To Support Aliyev’s Karabakh Position /Baku TV] Aliyev Meets Turkish President During Stopover //7AR-TASS] Aliyev Appoints New UN Envoy /GUNAY 28 Sep] Gabalin Radar To Be Leased to Russia /GUNAY 28 Sep] Georgia Supreme Council Votes Against Shevardnadze Resignation /Tbilisi Radio] Shevardnadze Defends Actions //PRINDA] Thanks Supporters /INTERFAX] Shevardnadze on Difficulties Facing Army /Tbilisi Radio] Shevardnadze Not To Attend UN General Assembly /INTERFAX] Minister Discusses Economy, Keftorm Program (THE GEORGIAN TIMES 28 Sep] Three Killed, 60 Houses Burned in Gali //PRINDA] FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 ITAR-TASS Carries Press Review for 1 Oct LDO110085694 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 0801 GMT | Oct 94 [Press Review”—ITAR-TASS headline] [FBIS Transcribed Text] Moscow October | ITAR- TASS—Moscow’s press comments on the return of Pres- ident Boris Yeltsin from his U.S. visit. ““A qualitatively new stage of the Russian-American cooperation has been started,’’ “‘ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA”’ says. ““ROSSIYSKIYE VESTI” say “Boris Yeltsin has demon- strated confidence in his strength at both the talks with his American counterpart and at the U.N. rostrum” and this “is definable as a diplomatic success of the Krem- lim.” However, the “IZVESTIYA” newspaper describes the summit’s results as “modest,” saying that the reason for it was a “poor preparation” of the talks. Some newspapers already reported that the Russian president skipped a meeting with Irish Prime Minister Arnold Reynolds on his way home. The report of ““KOMSOMOLSKAYA PRAVDA\” carries the headline “Sick? Russian-Irish summit-level meeting failed bacause of Boris Yeltsin’s fatigue.” “NEZAVISIMAYA GAZETA” quotes Russian First Deputy Prime Minister Oleg Soskovets as having told Irish newsmen that Boris Yeltsin “feels excellent but very tired.” “PRAVDA” in its article “Boris Yeltsin Unwell’ echoes presidential press service’s clarifications on the matter. “NEZAVISIMAYA GAZETA” states in its interior political September update that “contrary to many prog- noses this autumn has not become muscular“ or hot.“ This is reiterated by "ROSSIYSKIYE VESTI“: ’The first autumn month was a month of misprognoses and wrong hearsay.“ The situation in Chechnya remains a focus of Russian newspapers. The press reported a shelling of Groznyy’s airport by the interim council’s forces and quoted Pres- ident Dzhokhar Dudayev as saying that the strike came from Russian troops, not the Chechen opposition. “IZVESTIYA” writes that Ruslan Khasbulatov, the former Russian parliament chairman and now a leader of the opposition’s “‘peace’’ group, had presented Dudayev with an ultimatum demanding the latter’s resignation within six hours. “PRAVDA” and “SOVETSKAYA ROSSIYA” cite the report of ITAR-TASS that a similar ultimatum had been presented by Bislan Ganteinirov, the opposition forces commander, and that the Chechen president had denied it. INTERREGIONAL AFFAIRS “NEZAVISIMAYA GAZETA” says Russian Deputy Prime Minister Sergey Shakhray told a briefing in Moscow that negotiation on Dudayev’s resignation was possible. Many nespapers address the approaching first anniver- sary of last year’s October 3-4 tragic events in Moscow. “KKOMSOMOLSKAYA PRAVDA” publishes a story of Rustem Safronov, a Russian television correspondent, who was severely wounded on October 4 when he and a cameraman were doing their job near the Russian White House. “IZVESTIYA” write that the White House has been rapidly restored after the last year’s shelling of it, while flats in a nearby residential house, which were burnt during attacks of the parliament, have not been repaired until now. “KRASNAYA ZVEZDA” publishes opinions of Musco- vites about the October standoff. One of the polled was Russian Lieutenant Colonel Andrey Startsev, who said: “Some thank us for stopping a a civil war, others spit in our faces, saying there is no more army in Russia after October 1992, there are only murderers of civilians. And it would be so nice to just normally do our job.” “PRAVDaA.” publishes an article of Russian philosopher Aleksandr Zinovyev, who says: ““Whatever is said about the October events of 1993, the fact is the powerful armed forces jointly with special units drowned in blood a handful of unarmed people and in a fit of paid zeal battered a lot of people, who occasionally passed by.” Zinovyev thinks the “‘counter-revolution has been suc- cessfully finished in Russia in October 1993, and we now have to live and act in a postcommunist social systern.” The main focus of “RABOCHAYA TRIBUNA” is on the Russia-wide trade union protest which is p!anned for October 27. The newspaper publishes documents of the coordinating committee of Russian independent trade unions. Main demands to be pursued by the unions in October are a stop to production slump, the payment of delayed wages, a constitutional right to employment for everyone. “Russian North doomed to hunger and cold” is the headline in “IZVESTIYA.” The article speaks about problems with cargo deliveries to the Arctic North. “PRAVDA” also reports news from the Stavropol terri- tory saying that the Russians “are threatened with their own plague.” Causative organisms of plague have been identified in the North Caucasus. With the region’s current situation in the background, the risk of an eidemic significantly increases. “KRASNAYA ZVEZDA” publishes an interview with Vasily Vorobev, chief of Defence Ministry’s Military Budget and Finance Department. In his comment on the draft federal budget for the coming year, Vorobev warns that “‘to be economical on army’s reform is senseless and dangerous.” This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Clinton, Yeltsin Sign Strategic Agreement LD3009105694 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service in Russian 2048 GMT 29 Sep 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Mikhail Mzareulov] {[FBIS Translated Text] Washington, 29 Sep—Russia and the United States have achieved great progress in enhancing global strategic stability and nuclear safety since the end of the “cold war’. This was said in a “Joint Statement on Strategic Stability and Nuclear Safety” which was published on Thursday and signed here on Wednesday by Presidents Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton. The document notes that Russia and the United States are continuing “‘to make significant reductions in their nuclear forces.” The two countries’ reaiming of their strategic missiles is also an important step. Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton stressed that the United States and Russia will cooperate with all the world’s countries to achieve a successful end to the conference on the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty in 1995 and the “indefinite and unconditional” extension of the treaty. The leaders of the two countries expressed their desire to conclude a treaty on a universal banning of nuclear tests during the very near future and to introduce a global ban on the production of weapons-grade nuclear material. They concluded that the permanent members of the UN Security Council bear particular responsibility in the nonproliferation of weapons of mass destruction. More- over, the presidents stressed the importance of extending the moratorium on nuclear explosions which is operating in both countries. The leaders of Russia and the United States agreed that their countries’ defense ministers every three months will exchange information on the strategic systems which are due to be dismantled according to the START-I treaty and on liow they are being liquidated. At the same time Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton reaffirmed their intention to seek an early ratification of the START-II treaty and expressed the desire to exchange ratification documents on this agreement during the next Russian- U.S. summit. The presidents also decided that immedi- ately after its ratification the United States and Russia will begin dismantling al! strategic delivery systems which are subject to reduction. As the joint statement notes, the presidents of the two countries agreed to step up the dialogue between the United States and the Russian Federation with the object of making a comparison of conceptual approaches to the assignment of nuclear forces and to work out specific steps towards adjusting them to the changing world situation. They also discussed the possibilities of adopting new confidence-building measures in this sphere. After President Clinton had spoken during the course of the talks about unilateral measures recently taken in the United States to alter the composition of nuclear forces and the approach to their use, Boris Yeltsin stressed that similar steps are being introduced in FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 Russia with the aim of achieving a reduction in Russia’s nuclear forces and enhancing their security. The leaders of the two countries agreed that each side will examine “further unilateral steps” to reduce the stockpiles of these nuclear weapons. Emphasizing the fundamental importance of main- taining the ABM treaty in force, Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton agreed to hold joint exercises of the ABM forces [words indistinct] the theater of military operations and early warning of missile launching. The Russian and U.S. presidents see such exercises as “‘a basis for the joint actions of U.S. and Russian forces, for example, during peacekeeping operations.” The leaders of the two countries agreed “‘to act jointly in developing bilateral and multilateral cooperation on ensuring nuclear security”. Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton decided in particular to exchange information to intercept illegal trade in radioactive materials, to strengthen monitoring and physical guarding of such substances, and regularly to exchange data on the overall number of nuclear warheads, stocks of fissionable mate- rials and their safe and secure storage. The presidents decided that such forms of cooperation must develop between government institutions responsible for keeping track of, monitoring and guarding these materials, defense ministries and scientific centers. Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton reached agreement regarding the need to implement a joint plan to build a new facility in Russia for long-term storage of radioactive materials from dismantled nuclear weapons. Proceeding from the need to control other types of weapons of mass destruction, the presidents of Russia and the United States agreed to continue to observe the terms of the U.S.-Russian-British 1992 declaration on biological weapons, which will inspire certainty that the sides have curtailed military biological programs, and also in the need to have all countries of the world adhere to the convention on the banning and dismantling of chemical weapons and to give its terms a universal nature. Commentary on Yeltsin-Clinton Summit Paper Cites Remarks MM0310080594 Moscow RABOCHAYA TRIBUNA in Russian I Oct 94 pp 1, 3 [Report by Yevgeniy Rusakov: ““Old Men’ Meet in Rose Garden With a Glass of Wine Each. How Russian Federation President and Former CIA Director Replied to Questions From Yevgeniy Rusakov, RABOCHAYA TRIBUNA’s Own Correspondent in United States} {[FBIS Translated Text] Washington—During the news conference held by the U.S. and Russian presidents on the results of the summit I asked Boris Yeltsin what he intended to do to improve the investment climate in Russia for U.S. companies. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 “During my meetings with businessmen each of them raised one issue for virtually half an hour—taxes,”’ the Russian president replied. ‘““We ourselves realize that in 1991, when it was born again, Russia rather hastily drew up a law on taxes that contained some mistakes which are affecting both our businessmen and foreigners. A tax code is now in preparation and will be adopted in the first half of next year. It will differ substantially from the c’-rrent law and will make things easier for all entrepre- neurs, including foreign investors. Bill kindly offered us the chance to avail ourselves of 200 years’ experience of tax policy, and we will be sending a group of specialists to America to familiarize themselves with that experi- ence.” When I asked him if the promised granting to Russia of the status of a country with a transitional economy would mean an easing of the current antidumping legis- lation against Russian companies, the U.S. President answered in the affirmative, but added: “The United States tripled its imports from Russia in 1993 compared with the previous year, and doubled them in 1994 compared with 1993. There has clearly been progress. But we will also be monitoring sales opportunities for American goods in Russia, striving to get duties reduced on such important categories of goods as aerospace products, automobiles, and so forth.” The third summit between the Russian and U.S. presi- dents is noteworthy above all for the distance that Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton have traveled in learning to speak to each other as equals. Neither of them is shy about demonstrating their different views not only during private behind-closed-doors talks but also in their public statements. ““The United States is a strong but, at the same time, difficult partner—like Russia,” Boris Yeltsin said. “If we have any differences, we discuss them in an atmosphere of warm peace,” Clinton exclaimed. Russia now faces quite a long haul to reach the status of full member of the G-7. [quotation marks as published] “No, relations between the United States and Russia have not yet matured, but both sides are moving in that direction,” former CIA Director W. Colby told me. “Despite some friction, our relations with Germany, for instance, are mature, but Russia has not yet solved all its problems, although it is moving ahead fast.” Indeed, since the Moscow summit there has been a visible surge on the road toward stabilizing the economic and political situation in Russia and, as a result, toward a mature partnership in relations between Moscow and Washington. The priority of Russia in Washington’s foreign policy was stressed by the Clinton presidency’s most magnifi- cent and lavish ceremony to welcome a foreign head of state. Even more important symbolically and, at the same time, diplomatically was the meeting between American and Russian World War II veterans in the RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Rose Garden. It symbolized a return to the era of an alliance sealed in blood between the two countries in the fight against fascism. On the first day the presidents spent three hours together in one-on-one talks instead of the planned half-hour. At the news conference Boris Yeltsin mentioned around 50 issues which were discussed during the summit talks— from the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict, the Baltic, Moldavia [Moldova], and Tajikistan, to North Korea, Rwanda, Haiti, Iran, the coordination of both countries’ activity on the UN Security Council, and economic, environ- mental, and many disarmament problems. Summit Yields ‘Modest’ Result MM0310101394 Moscow IZVESTIYA in Russian 1 Oct 94 p 3 [Article by Vladimir Nadein: ““Nuc!ear Warheads Pro- tected Two Presidents From Criticism. Thirty Aircraft Bring Flower of Russian Bureaucracy and Empty Caviar Jars Back Home’”’} {[FBIS Translated Text] Washington—The 30 aircraft which carried the flower of Russia’s lounge-suited bureaucracy, jars of caviar, and the invariable Brezhnev- style Zil partymobile from Moscow to Washington took back four signed documents—patently meager output for this kind of summit. But the nuclear missiles are a kind of magic wand. However, their magic is fading before our eyes. Man- kind, which had gotten accustomed to the likelihood of being annihilated 100 times over, is somehow slow to go into raptures at the fact that in the year 2003 it will be able to be annihilated only three and a half times over, not a whole four times, as was the case with the previous accords. In agreeing to speed up the pace of dismantling nuclear missiles and save three years on disarmament the presi- dents did not disappoint their defense ministers, William Perry and Pavel Grachev, one bit. At any rate, the reason for General Grachev’s nonappearance at two state lunches in the White House and at the Russian Embassy was not his resentment at the speeding up of disarmament, as people are saying, but two attacks of hypotension [gipotonicheskiy krizis]. However, he was on form during the talks—in both the literal and rigura- tive senses of the word. Both presidents’ assurances that the talks were suc- cessful, their friendly relations, almost like a student party, and their mutual respect compelled all observers once again to look carefully at the final results. But when the laughter with which various U.S. audiences rewarded the Russian president’s irrepressible wit had died down, dry calculation lessened the merrymaking, The termination of arms shipments to Iran “immedi- ately after the fulfillment of the USSR’s pledges” This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS announced by President Yeltsin elicited obvious skepti- cism from the U.S. side. Bill Clinton himself tactfully explained that the Russian announcement was only an agreement “in principle.” But another very responsible and high-ranking official was harsher in his remarks: We do not know the essence of the contract, so we cannot fully judge the real meaning of the words “‘after its fulfillment.” This official complained that all Bill Clinton’s attempts to put pressure on his Russian guest over Iran ended in failure. This seems illogical since all the U.S. aid announced a day ago in Washington amounts to $1 billion, while revenue from arms sales to Iran also stands at $1 billion. But “also” is not “the same.” The U.S. billior will remain in the pockets of the Americans providing Russia with technical aid. While the Iranian billion is cash that will be supplied to Moscow. It represents our own real dollars with which the Russian Government will do what we know it can do with our real dollars. Nor can the trade agreement signed recently in Wash- ington be called a breakthrough. The U.S. Government's potential for action within the framework of intergov- ernmental structures is almost entirely exhausted. The sphere of private business extends further, rich and virtually untapped, but far removed from the subtleties of politics. However, reports of major disagreements among the Russian president’s immediate entourage once again clouded the atmosphere regarding his political future— for the first time since October 1993. Bill Clinton's administration, which is looking forward to the upcoming Congressional midterm elections in the United States with a chill in its heart, is alarmed at the unpredictability of the medium term. Both presidents soon asked their immediate advisers to leave, relying on their own ability to resolve problems one-on-one. In both Tokyo and Naples they managed to unravel knots by acting directly, without intermediaries. This time the problems were not a case of unraveling but of tying knots, coupling together often divergent national interests. Here the energy of one-on-one meetings proved an unequal replacement for expert study. Many observers see the poor advance preparations for this meeting as one of the reasons for the modest result, which is only indirectly dependent on the number of aircraft laden with caviar and bureaucrats and ts directly linked with everyday pragmatism—a word which Yeltsin, in the wake of Premier Chernomyrdin, used frequently throughout his three days in Washington. Positive Outcome of Washington Summit Eyed MM3009141794 Moscow TRUD in Russian 30 Sep 94 p3 {Commentary by Vissarion Sisnev: “Russian Flag Over Mount Alto. Boris Yeltsin’s Visit to the United States Ends”’] FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 [FBIS Translated Text] Washington—This ceremony marked the end of the program of our president's stay in Washington, but I want to begin with this ceremony, because it, perhaps better than anything else, symbolizes the new essence of Russian-U-S. relations: To use Boris Nikolayevich’s phrase, we have moved from the black and white world of confrontation to the multicolored world of cooperation and collaboration. 1 am referring to the official opening of the new Russian Federation Embassy building on Mount Alto, the highest part of the U.S. capital. Having initially granted permis- sion to build the embassy complex there, the U.S. authorities for many years afterward would not allow us to move into it, partly because, it was claimed, from this vantage Soviet spies would “sweep” all state institutions with their electronic equipment. For nine years the sides could not agree what to do with the new embassy buildings in Moscow and Washington, a reflection of the general state of relations between the two countries. Cutting the ribbon in front of the entrance to the white marble palace on Mount Alto and watching along with President Clinton as the Russian tricolor was hoisted above it, Yeltsin seemed to draw a line under the bad memory of the previous era and to open a new one, in which the United States and the Russian Federation will be guod partners and allies. Undoubtedly, the Cold War does not loosen its grip easily; like the slave [mentality] Chekhov spoke about, it will have to be squeezed from the human organism drop by drop. It is this noble deed that has occupied the leaders of the two largest nuclear states in the past two days. And the fact that the cold war poison still remains in the consciousness of certain considerably influential people is shown, for example, by the series of “confident predictions” that began in the U.S. media concerning the intentions of Yeltsin and Clinton to organize a “second Yalta,” that is to say, divide the world into spheres of influence. The Russians supported Clinton over Haiti, they say, and Clinton will support them, let us suppose, in their Caucasian policy. The 16 organizations com- prising the “Coalition of Central and East Europe” refused to accept an invitation to the White House to meet Yeltsin, citing an unwillingness to participate in Clinton’s ‘Munich course.” Moreover, a story appearing in THE WASHINGTON TIMES 27 September to the effect that State Department circles are critical of the document prepared there, believing that it leads to a “second Yalta,” is a worrying development. The same was suggested by the well-known commentators Evans and Novak, whose every column is published in many newspapers. They added that the document was approved by the Secretary of State despite the opposition of the president’s national security adviser. It cannot be ruled out that this is a canard set in motion by someone or other, but the fact that this means that someone needs to do so is bad enough in itself... In this context the artless prophecies that the summit would be a total failure look like “‘child’s play.” This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 All this was reported to Yeltsin, of course, and therefore it was with especial satisfaction that in the final press conference in the White House’s East Wing he expressed ‘““commiserations” to all those who predicted that the talks would collapse. And he observed: “We reached agreement on virtually all questions.” This need not be interpreted literally—that they agreed on everything once and for all. The polemic between the presidents, veiled by diplomatic niceties, continued even in the minutes that they were answering journalists’ questions. But there are polemics and polemics. In this case it was a polemic without a desire to wound, to trip the other up over something or drive him into a corner. Simply, discrepancies were revealed in some details by people who sincerely and firmly intend to lay the foundations for long-term partnership. There are convincing proofs of this—the two underlying documents signed by the presidents before the start of the press conference. One lays down the bases for stra- tegic stability in the world; the other—the document described by Andrey Kozyrev on the previous day as the “economic charter’ —is not for nothing called “Partner- ship for Economic Progress.” It defines the aims and principles of the development of trade, economic coop- eration, and investments between the United States and the Russian Federation. Nor was it any more of an accident that the two countries’ ministers directly after this signed an agreement on mutual aid in customs matters: This is designed to facilitate the expansion of economic cooperation. In addition to this Yeltsin prom- ised that fiscal policy would shortly be revised in the same sphere. Newspaper correspondents inevitably touch on only the most important questions discussed and to some degree or other resolved by the presidents and their advisers. To cover everything, as can be seen from the list of topics discussed in the talks cited by Yeltsin in his introductory remarks at the press conference, is absolutely impossible. In 48 hours problems from education and the battle with crime to Karabakh and Haiti were broached. On some of them—for instance, on the joint battle with organized crime—statements were adopted. On individual ques- tions what is called a “breakthrough” was achieved: Clinton repealed the notorious Jackson-Vanik amend- ment, names known to every schoolchild in our country, as Yeltsin remarked to audience laughter, and who by this amendment have deprived us of most-favored trading status for many years. In this context the not so remarkable, but very impor- tant, negotiations between representatives of our eco- nomic departments and U.S. enterpreneurs took place. Important contracts worth a total of $200 million were signed, in particular, between American Telephone and Telegraph, a major company in the sphere of telecom- munications, and three Moscow telephone companies. The state corporation set up to guarantee private foreign investments announced that it had made this commit- ment to a further seven U.S.-Russian joint enterprises— RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS for $525 million, thereby bringing the sum of invest- ments insured in Russia this year to $2.3 billion. This is exactly what both presidents intend to assist in every way, for, as the TV commentator Bierbauer put it, any foreign state aid to Russians is nothing compared to what a strong current of private capital will bring them. Right now, when this report is already on the page, Boris Nikolayevich has completed not only the Washington phase, but his entire visit, spending the last day in Seattle in the northwest of the United States. He was given 2n unusual send-off from the capital—at the memorial to George Washington, whose precept he recalled in one of his speeches. It says: Honesty is the best policy. And, thank God, relations between our countries increasingly correspond to this wise formula. Reportage on Talks With Irish Prime Minister Yeltsin, Soskovets Arrive LD3009124194 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service in Russian 1213 GMT 30 Sep 94 [By ITAR-TASS special correspondent] [FBIS Translated Text] Shannon Airport (Ireland), 30 Sep—Russian President Boris Yeltsin, who is returning home after his official visit to the United States, made a stopover today at Shannon International Airport (Ire- land). Talks have started between Oleg Soskovets, first deputy head of the Russian government, who is accom- panying him, and Irish Prime Minister Albert Reynolds. Soskovets Says Yeltsin ‘Very Tired’ LD3009133194 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service in Russian 1236 GMT 30 Sep 94 [By ITAR-TASS special correspondent Vladimir Voronkov] {[FBIS Translated Text] Shannon Airport (Ireland), 30 Sep—Russian President Boris Yeltsin, who has arrived in Ireland, did not take part in the Russian-Irish talks which took place here. Russian Vice Premier Oleg Sos- kovets declared that the change in the program for the Russian delegation’s stopover at Shannon was connected with the fact that B. Yeltsin was very tired after the 17-hour flight across the ocean and needed to rest. Boris Yeltsin is perfectly well, O. Soskovets stressed, replying to journalists’ questions after a brief conversation with Irish Prime Minister Albert Reynolds. The presidential airliner made a landing at Shannon on its way to Russia from the United States, where B. Yeltsin had been on a state visit. Yeltsin, Reynolds Reportedly Meet 1.%3009124994 Moscow Ostankino Television First Channel Network in Russian 1152 GMT 30 Sep 94 [From the “Novosti” newscast] This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS {[FBIS Translated Text] A meeting was held today between Russian President Boris Yeltsin and Irish Prime Minister Albert Reynolds. According to Patrick McCabe, the Irish ambassador to Russia, the Irish government has great hopes that the meeting in Shannon will give a boost to the development of bilateral economic cooperation. Up to now trade between the two countries has been confined to tradi- tional items. Russia sold Ireland oil and timber and imported baby food, meat, and dairy products. Further on Reported Meeting MM 3009203394 Moscow NOVAYA YEZHEDNEVNAYA GAZETA in Russian I Oct 94 p 1 [RIA report: “Boris Yeltsin and Albert Reynolds Satisfy Mutual Curiosity”} [FBIS Translated Text] Russian President Boris Yeltsin en route home from the United States stopped for an hour at Ireland’s Shannon airport. During the stop his meeting with the prime minister of Ireland Albert Rey- nolds took place [Vo vremya ostanovki sostoyalas yego vstrecha s premyer-ministrom Irlandii Albertom Rey- noldsom] . Yeltsin acquainted Reynolds with the result of his visits to Great Britain and the United States. In his turn the Irish prime minister briefed the Russian presi- dent on the activity of his government aimed at settling the problem of northern Ireland. Yeltsin Heads for Moscow LD3009135194 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service in Russian 1251 GMT 30 Sep 94 [By ITAR-TASS special correspondent Vladimir Voronkov] {[FBIS Translated Text] Shannon Airport, Ireland, 30 Sep—Russian President Boris Yeltsin, who made a brief stopover here on his way back from the United States, has left for home. Statement on Yeltsin ‘Indisposition’ LD3009140494 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service in Russian 1340 GMT 30 Sep 94 [FBIS Translated Text] Moscow, 30 Sep (ITAR- TASS)—The press service of the president of the Rus- sian Federation announced today that “on returning from the United States, where the Russian president was on an Official visit, Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin felt a slight indisposition caused, according to the president’s personal doctor, by intense pressure during the talks, meetings, and tours around the country.” “In this connection”, the statement says, “‘on the instruc- tions of the president of the Russian Federation, Vice Premier Oleg Soskovets held talks with the Irish Prime Minister at Shannon airport where the presidential plane FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 landed. Oleg Davydov, minister of foreign economic relations, also took part in the talks. The talks were successful.” Reynolds Says Yeltsin Plans Longer Visit LD3009140794 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service in Russian 1305 GMT 30 Sep 94 [By ITAR-TASS special correspondent Vladimir Voronkov] [FBIS Translated Text] Shannon Airport (Ireland), 30 Sep (ITAR-TASS)—Russian President Boris Yeltsin intends to come to Ireland on a longer visit, Irish Prime Minister Albert Reynolds said in an exclusive interview with an ITAR-TASS correspondent. At the moment Boris Yeltsin feels very tired after a long flight and feels slightly unwell, explained the head of the Irish cabinet who was supposed to have a meeting with the president of the Russian Federation during the latter’s short stopover in Shannon on the way from the United States. However, Reynolds continued, I had a very useful and fruitful meeting with Russian First Deputy Prime Minister Oleg Soskovets, Russian minis- ters, and trade representatives. We discussed many issues of bilateral relations. Among other things, how to improve our economic cooperation and to increase Irish investments in the Russian economy were discussed. The interaction between the two countries in the field of air transportation, in particular, servicing aircraft from the Russian Federation at Shannon Airport where up to 10 Russian airliners land every day was touched on. Foreign Ministry Spokesman Comments LD3009142794 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service in Russian 0911 GMT 30 Sep 94 [By ITAR-TASS diplomatic correspondent Sergey Ole- ynik] [FBIS Translated Text] Moscow, 30 Sep—“The key event of the year in Russian-Irish relations’ —this is how today’s meeting at Shannon between the Russian presi- dent and Ireland’s Prime Minister Albert Reynolds was described by Vladimir Chizhov, deputy director of the the Russian Foreign Ministry’s second European depart- ment. The meeting is the crowning point in the process that started with the meeting between the foreign minis- ters two years ago and that continued in August of last year with a detailed conversation between head of the Russian Government Viktor Chernomyrdin and A. Rey- nolds, V. Chizhov pointed out, replying to a question from an ITAR-TASS correspondent on the state of Russo-Irish relations. Ireland is an active participant in world and European politics. For this reason our cooperation with it in the political sphere covers the widest possible range of issues, the high-ranking diplomat continued. The posi- tions of the two countries are very close on problems of This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 nuclear and conventional disarmament, the new Euro- pean architecture, ways of further raising the authority and effectiveness of the UN’s activities, and on many regional conflicts. It is not surprising that at the meeting in Shannon issues will be touched upon that are in keeping with the issues enumerated—relations between Russia and the European Community, prospects for UN peacekeeping operations, and progress in preparations for the forthcoming CSCE summit meeting in Budapest. In the past few years special attention has been devoted to the accelerated development of bilateral economic relations. Despite its small size, in its volume of trade with Russia, Ireland has exceeded all countries of the African continent taken together, V. Chizhov said. There has been an especially significant increase in trade turn- over in the past year—approximately 6-7 times, this being mainly due to Russian exports, which is especially pleasant for us. True, there are also problems—the traditional ‘“‘raw material” structure of trade with Ire- land is not to our liking. The committee for the devel- opment of business cooperation is not active enough, and the most successfully developing business coopera- tion in the sphere of civil aviation also needs new initiatives. And, finally, Irish businessmen who are actively penetrating the Russian market are waiting impatiently for the agreement on avoiding double taxa- tion to come into effect in April of this year. All these issues and many others will certainly be dis- cussed today by Boris Yeltsin and Albert Reynolds, V. Chizhov concluded. And we are justified in hoping that the meeting in Shannon will make it possible to establish new guidelines and will determine the main para ‘eters of future, even more weighty cooperation. Zhirinovskiy, LDPR Delegation Arrive in Pyongyang LD0310083594 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 0757 GMT 3 Oct 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Aleksandr Valiyev] [FBIS Transcribed Text] Pyongyang October 3 TASS—A 40-strong deiegation from the Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia led by its chairman Vladimir Zhirinovskiy has arrived in the capital of North Korea. Back in Moscow, the party leader announced that his visit to North Korea was designed as a familiarisation trip and he was prepared io meet anyone in accordance with the Korean side’s wishes. At the same time he said that he was not aiming to meet the North Korean republic’s present leader Kim Jong-il. The YAK-42 airliner, sporting a hawk on its body, landed at the local airport Sunan where the LDPR delegation was met by Secretary for Ideological Matters of the Central Committee of the Korean Workers Party Hwang Jang-ob, Deputy Chairman of the National Assembly Paek In-jung, and other officials. RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Directly upon arrival, the LDPR delegation was taken to a residence for honoured guests. Shokhin Wants IMF To Make Funds ‘More Accessible’ LDO110203294 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 2020 GMT I Oct 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Vladimir Shekhovtsov] {FBIS Transcribed Text] Madrid 1 Oct (TASS)— Rus- sian Vice- Prime Minister Aleksandr Shokhin has called for changes in the IMF charter to make financial aid more accessible to Russia. In an interview with ITAR-TASS on Saturday Shokhin, who is in Madrid as head of the Russian delegation to the upcoming session of the IMF and the World Bank to be held on October 4-6, said the meeting will clear the situation on some crucial issues and initiatives proposed by Russia. He particularly said that Russia has suggested—and its proposal has been supported by the IMF—providing new special drawing rights to the countries which have not been covered by this scheme before. This will require certain changes in the IMF charter, which will then have to be ratified by all member countries. In this case Russia would receive up to two billion U.S. dollars, he said. Another task is to ensure greater access for Russia to IMF funds. At present, each country is eligible for much smaller stand-by credits than its IMF quota. Russia’s quota is six billion dollars, which means it qualifies for four billion dollars in credits. Russia insists on changing this rule so that each country could take as much as is allowed by the assigned quota. For Russia it would mean additional two billion dollars. On the World Bank, Shokhin said that the main task is to try to direct its resources and loans to more difficult and complex projects connected with structural reform. German Minister Apologizes Over Serb Arms Allegations LD3009113694 Moscow Radio Rossii Network in Russian 0900 GMT 30 Sep 94 [FBIS Translated Text] Bernd Schmidbauer, FRG min- ister of state, in a telephone conversation on Thursday with Sergey Stepashin, director of Russia’s Federal Counterintelligence Service [FCS], apologized for the reports which have appeared in some German mass media about Russia’s involvement in supplying arms to Serbia. Aleksandr Mikhaylov, head of the public relations center of the FCS, who took part in the Russian delegation’s talks in Germany, stated in an INTERFAX interview This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS that there was no discussion of any questions connected with the sales of armaments to third countries. Kokoshin, Italy’s Angioni Discuss Military Cooperation MK0110103094 Moscow KOMMERSANT-DAILY in Russian I Oct 94 p4 {Report by Ilya Bulavinov: “Military Cooperation of Russia and Italy. No Hindrances to Rome and Moscow Interaction” } {FBIS Translated Text] To all appearances, the policy of the gradual “drawing” of NATO into serious military cooperation with Russia followed by the Foreign Min- istry is beginning to bear fruit. As early as October, Italy may follow France’s suit as the second NATO country to sign an agreement with Russia on developing military- technical cooperation. Following the signing of the Russian-French documents, First Deputy Defense Minister Andrey Kokoshin told your KOMMERSANT-DAILY correspondent that, far from fearing anger of France’s NATO allies, Moscow expects that now also the other countries had begun to think things over. The result was rot tong in coming: Last week saw the arrival in Moscow of Corps General Franco Angioni, general secretary of Italy’s Defense Ministry and national armaments director. Even those taking part in the talks on the Russian side pointed to the seriousness of intentions. Franco Angioni met with Andrey Kokoshin, ““Rosvooruzheniye” general director Viktor Samoylov, and Defense Ministry arma- ments chief Anatoliy Sitnov. No specific projec .s have so far been discussed, with the sides only sounding out each other’s interests. But already at this stage, the military men identified the directions in which work will pro- ceed. First of all is the production of helicopters, scien- tific research and development in the field of metals, military-space cooperation, and troop command and control systems. According to Anatoliy Sitnov, Russia has also become interested in the Italian experience in the production and use of dual-purpose technology and military conversion. The Russian general thinks no technical obstacles (having in mind differences between the Russian and NATO standards) to serious cooperation exist. As for legal problems, each side is supposed to solve them independently. However, the Russian and Italian mili- tary men thought, Italyss NATO membership will not hamper bilateral cooperation. Franco Angioni stated that NATO countries should of course honor the general accords, but they are free to chose directions of their own development. The military men are hoping to sign a bilateral memo- randum on specific fields of military-technical coopera- tion as early as this October during a visit to Russia by Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 Foreign Minister Kozyrev Holds Meetings at UIN Meeting With Japanese Counternvart ‘Positive’ LD3009114294 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 1936 GMT 30 Sep 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Andrey Var.amov] [FBIS Transcribed Text] Tokyu September 30 TASS—A meeting in New York between the Russian and Japanese foreign ministers was a positive, we!l- balanced step aimed at the further deepening of relations between Japan and Russia, press secretary of the Japanese foreign minister Terusuke Terada, told ITAR-TASS on Friday. At a briefing in the Foreign Minis.ry he said that the meeting between Andrey Kvzyrev and Yohei Kono had given tangible results. The sides agreed on an official visit by Russian First Deputy Prime Minister Oleg Soskovets to Japan in November, expressed joint inten- tion to exert efforts to promote a visit by the Russian foreign minister to Japan in December or January, and also fixed the date for a meeting of the working group on a bilateral peace treaty. The meeting will begin in Tokyo on December |. Comments on Lifting Bosnia Arms Embargo LDO110220794 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 2204 GMT | Oct 94 [By 'TAR-TASS correspondent Igor Borisenko] [FBIS Transcribed Text] New York 2 Oct (TASS) - “Lifting arms embargo on Bosnia would be a suicidal move because it would remove all factors that contain the war,” Russian Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev said. In an interview with the Cable News Network on Sat- urday, Kozyrev said that the question of lifting arms embargo on Bosnian moslems does not divide Russia and the United States because it is not a “question of Russian-American relations and no one would consider, in practical terms, lifting arms embargo as a way of restoring peace in Bosnia.” “Such extreme measure would only lead to a large-scale war in that area. It would cause catastrophic conse- quences. Such extreme step would mean a declaration of war, even more fierce than before,” he said. Kozyrev said the contact group is trying to gradually stamp out the conflict, bring the warring sides together and find a peaceful solution to the conflict. Meets With EU Foreign Ministers LD3009141394 Moscow Mayak Radio Network in Russian 0730 GM™ 30 Sep 94 {FBIS Translated Text] In New York yesterday, during the 49th session of the UN General Assembly, Russian This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev had a conversation with the foreign ministers of the European Union. Particular attention was devoted to joint actions by Russia and the European Union to strengthen security and stability in Europe. The ministers discussed the situation in Bosnia and the problems of peacekeeping i1 the CIS’s troublespots. Note was taken of the need to pool efforts in the European dimension in lighi of the upcoming meeting of CSCE heads of state and govern- ment, to be held 5-6 December 1994 in Budapest. It was agreed to begin implementation of the agreement on partnership and cooperation between the Russian Federation and the European Community signed in June 1994 on the island of Corfu by the Russian president and the leaders of the EC. Meets With Israel's Peres LD3009184094 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 1751 GMT 30 Oct 94 {By ITAR-TASS correspondent Boris Sitnikov] [FBIS Transcribed Text] United Nations September 30 TASS—Russian Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev met his Israeli counterpart Shim’on Peres in New York city today to exchange opinion on the Mideastern peace process and regional situation. The Israeli side said it is interested in further construc- tive interaction with the Russian co-sponsor of the peace process. The sides stressed their striving for consolidation and development of bilateral relations and implementation of intergovernmental agreements signed during the Moscow visit of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. Meets CIS Counterparts LDO0110063894 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 0618 GMT | Oct 94 [By ITAR-TASS] [FBIS Transcribed Text] New York October | TASS—A meeting between Russian Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev and his CIS counterparts, who took part in the 49th session of the U.N. General Assembly, was held in New York on September 30. Participants in the meeting discussed practical issues of CIS countries’ interaction on the main international problems discussed at the U.N. General Assembly. Pointing to the importance of granting the Common- wealth of Independent States the status of an observer at the United Nations, the ministers stressed the neccessity of further strengthening CIS countries’ cooperation on the international arena. The sides discussed issues connected with the 50th anniversary of the victory and the proclamation of the RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS year of 1995 - the year of memory of victims of the Second World War. The ministers paid much attention to a coordinated approach of CIS states to the issues regarding the struggle with international terrorism and the access of siates with transitional economy to the world market. Participants in the meeting exchanged also opinions on the forthcoming meeting of CIS heads of state late in October this year. Meets With France’s Juppe LDO110064994 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 0638 GMT | Oct 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Boris Sitnikov] [FBIS Transcrited Text] United Nations October 1 TASS—Russian Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev, who is staying in New York in connection with a regular session of the U.N. General Assembly, met with French Foreign Minister Alain Juppe on September 30. The ministers exchanged opinions -1 ways of further intensifying Russo-French interaction, above all, in the European direction. Special attention was paid to issues of strengthening the all- European process and contrib- uting to a settlement of the Yugoslavian crisis. A number of issues of bilateral relations were also discussed. Meets With Persian Gulf Officials LD0110083094 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 0709 gmt 1 Oct 94 GMT [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Bris Sitnikov] {[FBIS Transcribed Text] United Nations Oxtober 1 TASS—Russian Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev, who is staying in New York in connection with the 49th session of the U.N. General Assembly, held a meeting on Friday with the heads of delegations of the states - members of the Council of Cooperation of Arab States of the Persian Gulf - Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Oman and Saudi Arabia. An exchange of opinions, which they held during the meeting, has confirmed the sides’ closeness of stands both on issues of strengthening of security in the Persian Gulf and the Middle East peace process. Representatives of the Persian Gulf countries expressed their gratitude to Russia for its firm adherence to a postcrisis settlement in the Gulf region on the basis of the U.N. Security Council’s resolutions. The sides confirmed their mutual interest in further deepenning mutally beneficial cooperation between Russia and the states of the Council of Cooperation of Arab States of the Persian Gulf both on a bilateral and multilateral basis. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Meets With ‘Rio Group’ Ministers LDO110085994 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 0816 GMT I Oct 94 {By ITAR-TASS correspondent Boris Sitnikov] [FBIS Transcribed Text] United Nations October | TASS—Russian Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev on September 30 met in New York with foreign ministrs of three coordinating member countries of the ‘Rio Group” chaired by Brazil’s foreign minister. It was stressed at the meeting that there was urgent need for the resumption of direct dialogue between Russia and the “Rio Group”, the major consultative and coordinating body for Latin America’s foreign affairs. The sides exchanged opinion concerning the world’s key problems, and the situation in Russia, other CIS states and Latin America. Special attention was given to the world’s stability in the light of the recent spread of local conflicts and tensions, to disarmament, non-proliferation of nuclear and other mass annihilation weapons, the consolidation of democratisation processes and human rights. The foreign ministers addressed the relations between Russia and Latin America. It was stated that Russia and Latin American states agreed over most of discussed subjects, which provides a good ground for productive long-term cooperation in the foreign political arena, including in the United Nations and other international forums. The foreign ministers expressed interst in further regular contacts. Foreign Minister Churkin To Be NATO Representative LD3009193294 Moscow INTERFAX in English 1717 GMT 30 Sep 94 [From the “Diplomatic Panorama” feature; by corre- spondents Aleksandr Korzun, Igor Porshnev, and Yev- geniy Terekhov] {[FBIS Transcribed Text] Russian Foreign Ministry reported to INTERFAX that special envoy of the Rus- sian president Vitaliy Churkin, Russia’s deputy foreign minister, is to go to Brussels as ambassador of the Russian Federation. “We have already received an agreement on Churkin,” a top-ranking official of the Russian Foreign Ministry said in his conversation with our INTERFAX correspondent. He also reported that as an Ambassador to Brussles Churkin will “automatically” represent Russia’s interest in NATO’s headquarters. INTERFAX interlocutor found it difficult to answer who would be in charge for Yugoslavia in the Russian Foreign Ministry after Churkin’s departure scheduled FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 for early November and who would become special envoy of the Russian president. “As far as I know, this issue has not be solved yet,” he noted. Moscow To Continue ‘Interaction’ With CIA OW0210112394 Moscow Ostankino Television First Channel and Orbita Networks in Russian 1935 GMT 27 Sep 94 [““Dossier” feature presented by Yelena Golubeva; from the “Utro” program] [FBIS Translated Text] Yevgeniy Primakov, director of the Foreign Intelligence Service [FIS], has said that the monster embodied by the USSR will never revive but Russia can become a great power. It appears that although the FIS is retaining the Russian school of intelligence, it knows how to work Western-style as well. It has released three open reports in two years. The latest one proposes several scenarios for the development of the CIS countries. Scenario A: Economic and defense unification which will proceed in parallel and will lead to political integra- tion while retaining state sovereignty, possibly in the form of a confederation. An obstacle to these democratic processes could be Scenaric B: Isolated development of the CIS countries and their leaning toward nationalism with outside assistance. Russia’s imperialist role, which the West fears so much, is dismissed by the intelligence service, although it considers that Russian participation in peacekeeping operations is a special element which could grow. In order not to become a subordinate partner Russia must be represented substantially in any situation. Without drawing analogies, simply as an example, let us recall the United States. As a rule, the United States predominates in international forces and coalitions. [Begin recording] [Golubeva] The West continues to be interested in periodically resurrecting the slogan: The Russians are Coming. Why? What do you think? [Trubnikov] I have a fairly personal point of view on this question. You know that in our country, where the situation is extremely unstable and where very serious and complicated processes are taking place both in the economic and political spheres, we are changine How- ever I think that in the stable countries of the far abroad the inertia of Cold War thinking is changing very slowly. I think this is where the problem lies. I think that the FIS report, in the format in which it was presented today to journalists and the public, could influence this thinking in a positive way. [Golubeva] Previously the republics of the Soviet Union were united by an artificial communist idea. In your opinion, is a common national ideal, idea, or principle possible today? This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 [Trubnikov] I feel that it is fairly difficult to talk about some common idea. It is difficult to talk about a common idea even for Russia alone. We car be united primarily by those things which the repert mentions, and first of all by a desire to follow the path of democratic transformations and the path of a market economy—a real market economy, not a bazaar economy-—together. Naturally our defense interests coincide in many areas, such as questions of non-transparent foreign borders and transparent internal borders. These are the things which are prompting us toward united actions. But presently this is far from an idea. These are pragmatic consider- ations that are based on the national interests of each one of the CIS countries. [end recording] Now let us recall old lady Europe. The path to its unification has been and continues to be quite difficult, yet it continues to move toward it. It would be a sin not to take this opportunity to have a thorough talk with Vyacheslav Trubnikov, first deputy director of Russia’s FIS, and so I have two more questions for the Colonel General. [Begin recording] [Golubeva] Market relations are devel- oping more and more in Russia. Does the intelligence service take this into consideration in its activities? I mean are you already distributing the information which you gather to commercial companies in some way? [Trubnikov] We remain a state structure, a budget orga- nization and so we live on the taxpayer’s money and work in the interests of the state. As far as private structures are concerned, we do not maintain any ties with them and our information, if it is made available to them, is done so by other state departments which can and have the right to adopt such decisions. We do not. [Golubeva] By them and through them? [Trubnikov] Through them naturally. [Golubeva] If you are not caught you are not a spy. But what if you are caught? I have Ames and his wife in mind. Did this affect FIS relations with the U.S. intelli- gence in any way? [Trubnikov] Well, you know the history of the Ames case and everything connected to it, including the departure of our resident- representative from the United States RUSSIA INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 11 and the departure of the CIA resident-representative from Russia. So obviously this affair had a complicated and tangled imprint on our relations. But we are on our way to overcoming this syndrome and I can tell you that a representative-resident of the CIA will begin working in Moscow in the nearest future and our resident- representative will begin working in Washington. So things have gone fuli circle and I think that regardless of the outcome of the Ames affair we will continue our interaction [vzaimodeystviye] with the CIA. [end recording] Duma Official on Foreign Intelligence Activities LDO0110153794 Moscow INTERFAX in English 1339 GMT 1 Oct 94 {FBIS Transcribed Text] The chairman of the State Duma’s Security Committee Viktor Iliyukhin says for- eign intelligence services step up action in Russia as the Russian special services show signs of decay. Addressing the opposiiion-sponsored conference on the destruction of legality in Russia, Iliyukhin said the West “assigned priority to efforts to foment separatist tenden- cies and dismember the Russian Federation with a view to draw on the Russian mineral reserves now that the world was facing the threat of a power crisis.” According to Iliyukhin, even the special services of “one-time neutral” Sweden and Finland stepped up action in the border areas of the Russian Federation and “calls for the reunification of Karelia were heard with ever-growing frequency in Helsinki.” Iliyukhin said that the German special services opened stations in the Baltic republics and the United States was “busy working” in the Magadan region and Yakutia. “Everything is being done for the destruction of the Russian economy while we rush to the West for more investment in it,” Iliyukhin said. According to Iliyukhin, an estimated 135 home-born criminal groupings have imposed dues on more than 35,000 businesses in Russia. The underworld commands more than 100,000 forces which ‘are capable of resolving both criminal and political problems.” If they fail to do this now, the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Federal Counterintelligence Service will be impotent to take the criminal groupings to heel next year,” Iliyukhin said. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. RUSSIA NATIONAL AFFAIRS Political Issues Yeltsin Returns to Moscow After U.S. Visit LD3009170994 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 1703 GMT 30 Sep 94 [FBIS Transcribed Text] Moscow September 30 ITAR- TASS—R.ussian President Boris Yeltsin on Friday evening returned to Moscow after a two-day working visit to Britain for talks with Prime Minister John Major and a five-day official visit to the United States. In New York, Yeltsin addressed the General Assembly of the United Nations with a package of proposals for strengthening peace and security in the world. In Washington, he held talks with U.S. President Bill Clinton, met Congress leaders and members of the American business community. Yeltsin missed only one point on his busy agenda - he felt too tired from a week of intense work abroad and the 17-hour flight over the ocean and had to call off talks with Irish Prime Minister Albert Reynolds during a stop-over in Ireland’s Shannon Airport. Yeltsin prom- ised to pay a longer visit to Ireland soon. The presiden- tial press service announced today that upon his return home he would meet the press on Tuesday, October 4 after taking time out to rest. Comments on Not Meeting Irish Premier LD3009213094 Moscow Russian Television Network in Russian 2000 GMT 30 Sep 94 {From the “Vesti” newscast] [FBIS Translated Text] [Correspondent A. Kondulukov] This evening Boris Yeltsin landed at Vnukovo-2, Mos- cow’s governmental airport, where he answered ques- tions from foreign journalists who were already there waiting for the Russian president and concerned about the state of his health. Boris Yeltsin swept aside all grounds for such concern and gave his explanation of the misunderstanding that occurred today at Shannon air- port. [Begin Yeltsin recording] The truth is I simply overslept. I had been flying for 18 hours and prior to that, you know, I had missed so much sleep. The Security Service did not let through those people who should, as it were, have woken me up. I will of course be sorting this out and giving them a right telling off. Well, now as to what happened. The first deputy prime minister had a meeting and a talk, and I am inviting Prime Minister Albert Reynolds to Moscow to hold talks. Well, that is what unfortunately happened. [end recording] Soskovets on Reynolds Meeting LDO0110195894 Moscow Ostankino Television First Channel Network in Russian 1800 GMT I Oct 94 [Interview with First Deputy Prime Minister Oleg Sosk- ovets in Moscow on 1 October—recorded; from the “Novosti” newscast] FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 [FBIS Translated Excerpt] [passage omitted] Attempts by individual political leaders and individual mass media outlets to discredit the leader of Russia have unfortunately become a constant event, and are sup- ported by certain types of politicians in Russia. But the faculties of an ordinary human being are not being taken into account. They try to rework the facts and add their own inventions and represent the situation accordingly. Just imagine. The schedule for a visit containing funda- mental negotiations in the United States passed through the very highest levels. I do not have to tell you this, enough was said by those commenting on the visit. And it is also borne out by the results of the talks and of the visit. I do not in any way condone the schedule, which was drawn up by individual officials. It was the work of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. After such a complex visit and after 17 hours in the air, to make the president once again solely responsible for relations and talks in Ireland was totally wrong. It was simple tiredness. After all, the entire crew and everyone in the delegation knew what the visit to the United States had entailed. I acted on the president’s instructions. I hope that I carried them out properly. *10,000° Participate in Moscow Demonstrations LD0210165594 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 1626 GMT 2 Oct 94 {By ITAR-TASS correspondents Tamara ivanova, Igor Belskiy] {[FBIS Transcribed Text] Moscow 2 Oct (TASS)— Participants in a rally held in commemoration of the victims of the October 1993 tragedy held on the Smo- lenskaya square in Moscow today demanded that a commission for an investigation into the circumstances of the September-October 1993 developments resum: its work. A 10,000-strong demonstration moved along as far as the Druzhinnikovskaya Street near the building of the Rus- sian Government. Priests carrying icons and other reli- gious symbols joined the procession as it was nearing the White House. The crowd led by the priests and relatives of the dead and accompanied by the sound of religious songs and ringing church bells approached the White House. Parties and movement who organised the act of com- memoration split into independent columns. Demon- strators belonging to the Labour Moscow Movement loudly chanted their slogans and appeals, while former Russian lawmakers, former Russian Vice-President Rutskoy and representatives of the Russian People’s Union walked in silence. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 A religious ceremony in commemoration of those who died during tragic events in Moscow last October was conducted by priest Alexey from the New Savior mon- astery. The ceremony took place near a cross erected in Druzinnikovskaya street near the White House. Interior Ministry Issues Report LD0210155894 Moscow Mayak Radio Network in Russian 1530 GMT 2 Oct 94 [FBIS Translated Excerpt] We begin this news bulletin with a live report from the headquarters of the Russian Federation Ministry of the Interior. Our correspondent Anatoliy Fedorov is there, and over to him. [Fedorov] Good morning. As we know, events have been held in Moscow today to mark the anniversary of what happened in September and October last year. [passage omitted] According to figures from the Ministry of the Interior, 5,000 people were involved in demonstrations outside the Mayoralty, on the Arbat, at Ostankino, at Kaluga and Smolensk Squares, and also at the intersection of Druzhinnikovskaya Street and Kapranovskiy Lane alongside the White House by the remembrance cross. The demonstrators’ conduct throughout complied with the Moscow Government instructions for this event. No violations of public order took place. The crime situation in Moscow remained at its usual level for the weekend. This is your correspondent Anatoliy Fedorov with a brief report from the Russian Interior Ministry headquarters. ‘Remembrance’ Events Authorized MM0310090994 Moscow ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA in Russian 1 Oct 94 First Edition p 2 {Unattributed report: “Routes of Remembrance”’} [FBIS Translated Text] Moscow City Hall has received information trom representatives of a number of public movements and parties concerning their intention to hold mass events 2-4 October—processions, rallies, and marches in a number of places in the city in connection with the anniversary of the October 1993 events. Having examined all the information and conducted a number of conciliation conferences with the initiators of the mass events, the Moscow Government has adopted a decree in accordance with which a 2 October “Remem- brance Day” mass event has been authorized on the basis of the following plan: From 1100 through 1200— the participants assemble on Kaluzhskaya Square; 1200 through 1300—there will be a procession from Kaluzhs- kaya Square, via the Garden Ring, to Smolensk Square, where civil funeral rites will be held between 1300 and 1400; from 1400 through 1500—a procession along Novinskiy Avenue, Novyy Arbat, and Konyushkovskaya RUSSIA NATIONAL AFFAIRS 13 and Druzhinnikovskaya Streets, with r* .al measures being held at the Druzhinnikovskaya Street-Kapranov Alley intersection 1530-1700. On 3 October the same parties and movements are allowed to hold a procession along the following route: At 1600, gathering in the public garden on Smolensk Square, proceeding along Smolensk Street, and Smo- lensk Embankment, crossing Novyy Arbat, Konyushk- ovskaya, and holding a rally at the city hall building or at the intersection of Druzhinnikovskaya Street and Kapranov Alley before 1900. Up to 25,000 participants are permitted. On 4 October the organizational committee for con- ducting remembrance days and the united committee of the patriotic forces are allowed to picket the Russian Government House in a “human ring” on the side of “Gorbatyy Bridge,” the Pavlik Morozov Park, and Glubokiy Alley in the period between 0630 and 0730. On 4 October the Russian Communist Party Moscow Committee has been allowed to picket the building of the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense on the side of Arbat Square, involving up to 100 people, between 0900 and 1000. On 4 October, the Russian National Union has also been authorized to lay wreathes and conduct other measures connected with the October 1993 events between 1630 and 1830 on the territory of the “Krasnaya Presnya” stadium on the Druzhinnikovskaya Street side. All the organizers of the authorizea mass events have been warned of the need for the strict observance of public order and of personal responsibility for its viola- tion. Remembrance Service Held LD0210145694 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 1437 GMT 2 Oct 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Tamara Ivanova, Igor Veksler] [FBIS Transcribed Text] Moscow October 2 TASS— Leaders of the Russian opposition, attending a service in commemoration of the victims of the 1993 tragedy held on the Smolenskaya Square in Moscow today, called on the people “to come to their senses and unite in the struggle against abuse of human rights and anti-popular regime.” A march of around 3,000 mourners which began from the Oktyabrskaya Square in downtown Moscow on Sunday afternoon was led by people carrying the St. George’s flag, the black-and-yellow banner and the red Soviet flag. Colurans of demonstrators were led by Albert Makashov (one of the organisers of the 1993 October revolt), Anatoliy Kryuchkov (former Soviet KGB chairman), Ivan Shashsviashviliy, Anatoliy Aksyutchiz and other supporters of the opposition. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. 14 RUSSIA NATIONAL AFFAIRS Enlarged photographs of those killed during the 1993 tragedy in Moscow which were carried by their relatives gave an especially tragic touch to the manifestation. Aleksandr Rutskoy, Gennadiy Zyuganov, Ilya Kon- stantinov, Sergey Baburin gathered near a Zil truck which was turned into an improvised rostrum for speakers. The absence of Ruslan Khasbulatov was com- pensated by his portraits brought to the rally. Taking into account journalists who came to watch the rally, the number of demonstrators in the Smolenskaya Square reached nearly 5,000. To commemorate those dead, Aleksandr Rutskoy called upon Russians “to close their ranks, creating a single popular movement against abuse of rights and anti- popular regime.’ Rutskoy chanted slogans, alleging that “a crippled. inhuman and destructive system” existed under the neon sign of democracy. Recollecting October 1993 developments, Makashov declared that “they could not have won by merely chanting slogans, demanding air time on Ostankino Television and an access to the mass media.”’ Former Soviet lawmaker Sergey Baburin said that “appeals for justice should be accompanied by prompt and resolute activities.” Incidentally, some speakers did not rule out that the time would come yet when they will “seize Ostankino.”’ Relatives of the victims took the floor, demanding a public investigation into the causes of the death of their relatives. It was announced that a union of parents of those who died or was missing since the October 1993 events was created. A minute of silence was observed in memory of the victims of the October 1993 tragedy. Upon completion of the commemoration ceremony in the Smolenskaya Square participants moved to the building of the Russian Government. Rybkin, Yushenkoy Cited on Oct Anniversary MM2909163394 Moscow NOVAYA YEZHEDNEVNAYA GAZETA in Russian 28 Sep 94 p § [Interviews with I.P. Rybkin, chairman of Russian Fed- eration State Duma, and S.N. Yushenkov, chairman of State Duma Committee for Defense Questions, by Feliks Babitskiy; on 21-22 September, place not given: “Two Questions to ‘Vanquished’ Rybkin and ‘Victor’ Yushen- kov"] {[FBIS Translated Text] We are having an Indian summer. But a year ago there was torrential rain. One year has passed since the bloody events in Moscow. Today the victors are once again sitting side by side with the vanquished, so it is hard to distinguish one from the other. On 21-22 September I managed to talk with Ivan Petrovich Rybkin and Sergey Nikolayevich Yushenkov. There is no denying that they are different people. Yushenkov is a military man, while Rybkin comes from FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 a peasant family and is an intellectual high-flyer; Yush- enkov heads the “Radical Democrats” deputies’ faction, and Rybkin the “Communists of Russia” faction; Yush- enkov defended ihe White House one time and the other time was among those besieging it, while Rybkin was besieged both times; finally, Yushenkov, according to the logic of things, should be ranked with the “victors” but is merely chairman of the Duma Committee for Defense Questions, while the “vanquished” Rybkin heads the Duma. So, I put two identical questions to both of them. I leave it to you, esteemed reader, to compare and comment on the ronlies to them. [Babitskiy] Do you reckon that the Supreme Soviet could have acted somehow differently a year ago and with better results for itself? [Yushenkov] It was Ruslan Khasbulatov who undoubt- edly exerted great and not the best influence on parlia- ment. Right from the start we “Radical Democrats” had opposed his election as speaker, for which we were accused almost of treachery by the “Democratic Russia” faction. We simply suspected even then—at the Fifth Congress—where his “sensitive leadership” might lead. Later the rest also realized this. I believe that his timely departure really could have been a peaceful solution to the conflict, but even at the Ninth Congress, when a majority already seemed to want this, the necessary number of votes was not secured. Later, realizing his growing unpopularity, Mr. Khasbulatov did everything possible to turn the Supreme Soviet’s work into a “game without rules.” So, whereas his resignation was being prepared, by the 10th Congress the deputies were clearly too late. I believe that the deputies had a chance to leave while saving their political face and preventing bloodshed. It was sufficient simply to declare: We categorically dis- agree with the president but are laying down our powers for the sake of civil peace and are holding elections. They would only have benefited morally from this. [Rybkin] In principle, I will say how I saw things at the time. Because everyone is clever in retrospect. At the time I proposed, let us assume, resigning together with the president and holding early elections in December. To propose. A compromise is a compromise because it is based not on one decision or on the implementaton of one will. I could now make some corrections to those words, but this is preciselv -vhat I said—resign together. Moreover, I said that I was convinced simply that Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin would win the presidential election 12 December. You will ask: But who would exercise his powers during this time? The Federation Council. We were close to the Federation Council's being legalized and functioning. Only later was I able to read about the position of Ilyumzhinov and Zorkin. I knew nothing of it at the time. I was subjected to obstruction because of what I was proposing. The Supreme Soviet Presidium launched straight into an attack on me. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 I said that it was necessary to seek a way out by perfectly peaceful means. I said this in the Supreme Soviet P-e- sidium, I said this at a session of the Soviet of the Republic. I am not saying they did not support me. But euphoria sometimes plays a cruel trick on some people when they sense power. [Babitskiy] Who is the power today, and who the oppo- sition? How are relations shaping up between them and between the branches of power? [Yushenkov] I would not say that the general line of “Russia’s Choice” triumphed as a result of the October events. First, we certainly were not, in actual fact, seeking the forcible dissolution of parliament. For us this was not the end in itself. On the contrary, we saw a simpler means—to deprive the deputies’ assembly of a quorum and thus prompt it to resign voluntarily. We quit it ourselves. If the “buying” of the responsible section of parliamentarians by means of administrative posts had been done earlier and more actively, the Supreme Soviet would soon have been left with no choice other than self-disbandment—there would have been no one to “press the buttons.” If they had not dispersed, it would have been possible simply to ignore them—which is, in fact, what we were always urging the executive power to do. Second, I will not hide the fact that the draft of the Constitution that is now in force did not satisfy us either. Above all, we cannot fail to be troubled by the unlimited power that it grants to the prime minister. In fact, neither the president nor parliament can interfere in his policies. We insisted that all cabinet members had to be approved by the Duma. But, after all, bad rules of play are better than a game without any rules. The most interesting thing is—note—that, whereas the former parliament possessed unlimited powers from the juridical view- point, while the executive power demonstratively ignored it, everybody—the premier, the members of his cabinet, and even the president himself—regularly reports back to the present Duma which is apparently without rights. As for the opposition, here I agree that to some extent we are all in opposition now. You will ask: Who, then, is the ruling party? I believe that it is still the communists. Look at lists of the government. For all the people there are recent colleagues of Mr. Zyuganov—the former party nomenklatura. The preinier is no exception. It is true, thank God, that Viktor Stepanovich is a pragmatist. But pragmatism alone, alas, is not enough to implement reforms. [Rybkin] The government is sometimes criticized. But the government carries an inhumanly heavy weight of problems. If somebody sobs, as in the old anecdote— “The government does not respect us!’”’—I say: “You had better tell me which of the ministers and which of the vice premiers has not been here and reported back to you.” I would not agree that this is a “government of RUSSIA NATIONAL AFFAIRS 15 specialists.” The point is that the interests of the “Rus- sia’s Choice” party are represented in relief here, the interests of the Party of Russian Unity and Accord are represented in relief, and the interests of the Agrarian Party in relief—Anatoliy Chubays, Aleksandr Shokhin, Sergey Shakhray, Aleksandr Zaveryukha. Not enough communists? And yet, with rare exceptions, they ure all former communists (sometimes people say: ““You came from the communists!” and I rep!y: ““And you?’’). There- fore the government is already essentially a coalition. Chernomyrdin can count on the support of SOBER- MINDED factions. The point is that in parliament, as in society, there are very many different people. Even ina small village there were very intelligent and practical people, to whom people came from other villages to ask advice, and it had, as the saying goes, its own scoundrel, its own hooligan, its own thief, and, forgive me, its own libertine woman. Everything that exists in society exists in all offices, and this is no secret—let us not dissemble. But I believed and believe now that common sense has always triumphed in our society in the end. It will also triumph in the State Duma, and in any faction too. Rutskoy Calls for Repentance, Berates Opposition LD0210205994 Moscow NTV in Russian 1800 GMT 2? Oct 94 [Interview with former Vice President Aleksandr Rutskoy by correspondent Mikhail Svetlichnyy; place and date not given; from the “Itogi’” program— recorded] {[FBIS Translated Text] [Svetlichnyy] Aleksandr Vladimirovich, since we are talking on the eve of the first anniversary of the tragedy, the October events, can we imagine, just hypothetically, what would have happened if you came out on top then? You know, opinions about what would have happened vary, but there is not much optimism. People say there would still have been blood- shed, and even more bloodshed than there was. [Rutskoy] Whether you choose to agree with me or not, whether you think I am right or wrong, I am deeply convinced that one has to sort it out, because either side is, in its own way, to blame for what happened. After all, it was not just any event, it was a tragedy. I can honestly say that when I was in the House of Soviets, I was not protecting my portfolio, my post. I was not striving for power. Proof of that is my written statement, in which I put it clearly, signed it, and handed it out not just to the parliament, but also to the press. In it I pledged not to put myself forward as a candidate either in the new parliamentary or new presidential elections. I signed it. As for today—what do you actually expect? The other side slings mud at this side. I try not to do the same, I keep silent. At the same time, the side that was with me is also slinging mud at me. This maelstrom called morality is what defines society. To cross all the T’s, we need an objective and independent inquiry. It is neces- sary—not in order to punish somebody, heaven forbid. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. 16 RUSSIA NATIONAL AFFAIRS There should come a time when one has to say: That is it, no more vengeance, no mor» punishment, no more settling of scores, no more mud-slinging—that is it, we are beginning a new life. [Svetlichnyy] Does the Treaty on Public Accord not serve this purpose? [Rutskoy] No it does not, for heaven's sake! It is all a show. Therefore, you know, we really have to repent of everything that went on, of everything that happened to us. Only through repentance can we attain the truth. [Svetlichnyy}] After the opposition meeting in Kalinin- grad, there were many rumors and conjectures. Your name has been mentioned, and also that of Yuriy Skokov. You may have heard the version that has been put into circulation, to the effect that in Kaliningrad Skokov was named [Rutskoy chuckles] as the opposi- tion’s No. | candidate in the upcoming election. It would be interesting to know if it is true. [Rutskoy] Let us start by saying that for some reason | did not even see Skokov there, and his name was not mentioned there at all. Believe me, after all I was there. [Svetlichnyy] But there are people who do have some specific political interests, are there not? [Rutskoy] You see, what is an opposition? An opposition is a political organization that has mass support and some influence on the political situation in the country. Now look, has what you call the present opposition got any influence on the political situation in the country? It has none, which means it does not exist. It does not exist. {Svetlichnyy] So there is no opposition at all? [Rutskoy], That is right, there is no opposition as such. What we have is a political farce. If we look at our so-called opposition, it consists of two parts, as it were. There is the opposition that sprung up spontaneously, and then there is the opposition created deliberately. So one part of the opposition has been created on purpose by the authorities in order to point fingers at th-m: If it is not us, then it is they who will gain power—just look at them displaying their Swastikas, just listen to him threat- ening to press the nuclear button, just listen to him going on about washing someone’s boots in the Indian Ocean—so if it is not us, it will be them. This opposition was created deliberateiy. There is also spontaneous opposition. Today, most of what is being presented as irreconcilable opposition, whatever they dub it, be it left-wing or right-wing, is the opposition that sprung up spontaneously. That is, people have rallied round one or another leader on the basis of shared views. I, for instance, have been setting up the Derzhava [Great Power] Social Patriotic Movement. There are all sorts of people there—communists, demo- crats, social democrats, monarchist—all excepts Fas- cists. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 [Svetlichnyy] How many people have you got in your movement by now? Did you not say th- re have been over 500,000 applications. [Rutskoy] No, as of today there have been 672,000 applications. Now look—I am not shouting or calling for early presidential elections. or collecting some sort of signatures—it makes you laugh when you look at them, really. There will not be any early elections! Let us just hope to God an election is called when it is due. Let us just hope there is enough time to create a normal well- balanced and well-considered movement-—-so that in the backbone of the movement we have sensible people, so that these sensible people can choose those who will be able to run the country. I will tell you frankly: There have even been rumors that Rutskoy has declined to put himself forward as a presi- dential candidate. Hang on a moment—but did someone call an election? Did they? Of course not. Can anyone tell me where and when I declined? Chernomyrdin Meets Cemmunist Party Leaders LD3009213194 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 2108 GMT 30 Sep 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Lyudmila Aleksan- drova] [FBIS Transcribed Text] Moscow September 30 TASS— A meeting of Russian Prime Minister Viktor Cherno- myrdin, the Communist Party leaders and its parliamen- tary factions discussed today the Russian economic situation and ways to overcome the crisis, Communist Party leader Gennadiy Zyuganov told ITAR-TASS today. In his words, the meeting that lasted for two hours and a half was held within the framework of regular contacts of the government head and heads of deputy factions. Such meetings have been held with faction leaders of the Agrarian and Liberal-Democratic parties. Zyuganov told the prime minister about his impressions from a trip to Russian regions and called attention to the grave situation at defence plants, the light and textile industry. Communists called on Chernomyrdin to take immediate measures on social protection of the poor. The meeting also focused on the upcoming anniversary of the 1993 Moscow developments. Zyuganov told the prime minister about the stand of the Communist Party, which recognizes everyone’s right to mark the anniver- sary in the way one wishes. but voices the need to avoid provocations. The communists stressed that the govern- ment structures should ensure safety. The meeting participants agreed on further contacts, said Zyuganov. In his opinion, the absence of regular working contacts between the power and the opposition results in mutual suspicion and aggravated situation in the state. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 Zyuganov Comments on Meeting LD0210142994 Moscow INTERFAX in English 1338 GMT 2 Oct 94 [FBIS Transcribed Text] Leader of the Communist Party of Russia Gennadiy Zyuganov denied that Premier Viktor Chernomyrdin had proposed that Communists join the government. Commenting on his meeting with Chernomyrdin in Moscow on Friday, Zyuganov told Interfax that the issue of Communists joining the government had not been discussed and that no such proposals had been made. Zyuganov said both parties were willing to hold the meeting which had lasted for two hours and a half. At the same time, Zyuganov did not rule out that “representatives of the Communist Party could join the government.” Zyuganov said he and Chernomyrdin had discussed the extremely serious situation in the country trying to understand why the budget for this year was not imple- mented in order to work out a right concept for forming the budget for the next year. Zyuganov said Cherno- myrdin now had to deal with the consequences of ‘“Gaydar’s shock therapy policy.” Zyuganov said he and Chernomyrdin had agreed to conduct regular consultations. Zyuganov announced that the Communist parliamen- tary faction planned to discuss the situation in Russian regions at its meeting on October 4 in order to work out a single position on the issues. He avoided saying if the Communist faction in the State Duma would demand that the government or some of its members resign. Zyuganov said before this “‘it is necessary to listen to all members of the parliamentary faction and to understand why the government does not have a coordinated pro- gram of action but has just a kind of separate policies of Kozyrev, Chubays and so on.” Chernomyrdin Meets With Deputies on Regional Policy LD3009203994 Moscow INTERFAX in English 1859 GMT 30 Sep 94 [FBIS Transcribed Text] Russian Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin held a two- hour-long meeting with mem- bers of the deputies’ group New Regional Policy Friday. One of the participants of the meeting who spoke on the condition of anonymity said that the meeting was initi- ated by Chernomyrdin himself who was interested in the deputies’ opinion on possible ways of solving the non- payments issue and other actual economic problems. According to the source, Chernomyrdin said that the government would consider a draft budget for 1995 Saturday before its sending to the State Duma “expected RUSSIA NATIONAL AFFAIRS 17 from day to day.” The deputy said the meeting never touched on possible demands for the government’s res- ignation. New Regional Policy is the second largest association of deputies after Russia’s Choice. The group encompasses 64 Jeputies from majority constituencies. Before their election as deputies, most of them worked as directors of industrial enterprises. Chernomyrdin Leaves for Vacation in Sochi LD0210143394 Moscow INTERFAX in English 1338 GMT 2 Oct 94 [FBIS Transcribed Text] Russian Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin left Moscow Sunday for a vacation in Sochi, a resort on the Black Sea coast, a source in the government headquarters told Interfax. Chernomyrdin will stay there just over two weeks. He is expected to attend the CIS summit meeting scheduled to be held in Moscow on October 21. While in Sochi, he will have a fairly tight schedule of meetings with officials. Chernomyrdin is expected to attend the festivities on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Kiev’s liberation from the Nazi troops in World War II. He is also expected to meet in Sochi with his Italian counterpart Silvio Berlusconi. Sources in the government headquarters told Interfax that Chernomyrdin would maintain continuous contact with Moscow and receive senior cabinet officials to work out key decisions on economic issues and initial docu- ments. Chernomyrdin will also tour the southern areas of Russia and meet with heads of local administrations. First Deputy Prime Minister Oleg Soskovets will act for him in Moscow. National Patriots Urge Restoration of Slav Union LD0110194894 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 1823 GMT | Oct 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Oleg Artyushin] [FBIS Transcribed Text] Bryansk October 1 TASS— National Patriots of Russia, Ukraine and Byelorussia [Belarus] called for the possible restoration of the union of three Slav nations. They held a conference in the city of Bryansk on Sat- urday, which was attended by 200 representatives of 24 political parties and movements from 30 regions of Russia, Ukraine and Byelorussia. The conference was also attended by a Serbian delegation. This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. 18 RUSSIA NATIONAL AFFAIRS The participants set up a 21-member organising com- mittee to carry out the idea of restoration. The com- mittee will be heeded by former KGB general, head of the Russian National Assembly Aleksandr Sterligov. Apart from Sterligov, other committee members include General Valentin Varennikov, Agrarian Union Leader Vasiliy Starodubtsev, Orlov Region Administration Head Yegor Stroyev, Former Soviet Coal Industry Min- ister Mikhail Shchadov, former leader of the Russian State Cummittee for the Press Boris Mironov and leader of the Workers’ Union Dmitriy Igoshin. They also agreed to establish a party of national and patriotic forces of Russia in the run-up to parliamentary and presidential elections to be held in 1996. An orga- nising committee set up to coordinate work on the establishment of the party will be headed by Boris Mironov recently sacked by President Boris Yeltsin for ““Fascist-like”’ statements. The party congress is expected to be held by the end of the year. Interior Ministry Develops Antinarcotics Program LDO110154094 Moscow INTERFAX in English 1339 gmt | Oct 94 [FBIS Transcribed Text] The Russian Interior Ministry has developed a nationwide complex program for the fight against drug abuse and narcotrafficking for 1995- 1997 to be submitted for consideration by a government commission headed by Vice Prime Minister Sergey Sha- khray, an officer of the anti-narcotrafficking force told Interfax. Representatives of 27 ministries and bodies, including the Health Care Ministry, Social Security Ministry and Youth Affairs Committee, coordinated their proposals with Interior Ministry experts and initialled the pro- gram. The experts insist that money is needed for the prophylactics and prevention of use of drugs and social adaptation of former drug addicts. However, the Finance Ministry says the Interior Min- istry has been given budget allocations, including for the fight against drugs, and refuses to finance the program Well-informed sources close to the law-enforcement bodies told Interfax that the expenses on the implemen- tation of the three-year-long program would amount to more than 200 billion rubles in prices of 1994. The Interior Ministry says about 1.5 million Russians, or 1% of the country’s population, are drug addicts. According to the International Association Against Drugs and Narcotrafficking, about 6 million Russians are dependant on narcotic substances (meaning drug addicts—IF note) and another 20 million tried drugs without medical need once in a life. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 Kamchatka Volcano Eruption Poses Danger to Aircraft LDO110094794 Moscow ITAR-TASS in English 0922 GMT I Oct 94 [By ITAR-TASS correspondent Sergey Borovkov] {[FBIS Transcribed Text] Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky October | TASS—the third-ever mightiest eruption of the Klyuchevckaya Sopka volcano on the Kamchatka peninsula poses a threat for air flights between North America and south-east Asia as ashes rose to the height of 20 kilometres, while red-hot substances reach the altitude of five kilometres. This is the third eruption of such a force of the biggest volcano in Eurasia. The previous two occurred in 1737 and 1945, TASS was told on Friday by Ivan Melekestsev, an expert of the Insitute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry of the far eastern branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He added that the eruption is “close to catastrophic”. However, the volcano which is situated 4,750 metres above sea level, poses no danger to nearby settlements, including the city of Kluchi, as they are outside the reach of strong mudflows which are expected in the near future. The ash cloud is dangerous for airplanes and Alaska authorities were informed about that. Eruption ‘Close to Catastrophic’ LDO110082294 Moscow ITAR-TASS World Service in Russian 0554 GMT 1 Oct 94 [FBIS Translated Text] Moscow, | Oct, (ITAR- TASS)—The volcano Klyuchevskaya Sopka on Kam- chatka began to erupt on the evening of 30 September, ITAR-TASS was informed today by the Russian Emer- gencies Ministry. Specialists from the Institute of Vol- canic Geology and Geochemistry of the Far Eastern branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences consider that the eruption is a major one, close to catastrophic. Ash is being thrown to a height of 13km and the smoke plume stretches 1,500km toward the ocean. The nearest populated points to the volcano, which has a height of 4,750m above sea level, are the settlement of Klyuchi (40km north-east of the volcano), the settlement of Kozyrevsk (60km to the west) and the town of Ust-Kamchatsk (100km north-east of the volcano. Malaria Outbreak Reported in Volgograd LD3009210994 Moscow Radio Rossii Network in Russian 2000 GMT 30 Sep 94 [FBIS Translated Text] An epidemiological commission of Volgograd region has given several thousands seasonal workers from Tajikistan a week to leave the region. They are currently picking vegetables there. The decision was prompted by an outbreak of Malaria. A total of 12 This report may contain copyrighted material. Copying and dissemination is prohibited without permission of the copyright owners. FBIS-SOV-94-191 3 October 1994 people have contracted the disease. RIA notes that Malaria is spread by mosquitos but they turn dangerous only after coming into contact with a person who has Malaria. Harvest Augurs ‘Massive Grain Purchases Abroad’ MKO0110115094 Moscow NEZAVISIMAYA GAZETA in Russian 1 Oct 94 p 1 [Report by Vladimir Sanko under the “Agriculture” rubric: “Russia To Buy Grain Next Spring. Grain Ele- vators Are Still Empty’’] {[FBIS Translated Text] Harvesting continues in the Russian Federation. As of 26 September, cereal and leguminous crops were harvested on a territory of 40.6 million hectares, or 81 percent of the entire area under crops. ECO-TASS’ correspondent was told about that at the Russian Federation Agriculture and Food Ministry. A total of 69.5 million tonnes of grain has been threshed. Last year, the figure was 82.9 mia.con tonnes. The harvesting of cereal crops in the Urals and East Siberian regions (without Krasnoyarsk Kray), Novgorod, Pskov, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kostroma, Kirov, Omsk, Tyumen Oblasts, and also Altay and Khabarovsk Krays is still lagging behind last year’s pace. Weather condi- tions in the regions suggest that if grain is not harvested by this time, it will remain in the field for the winter. One of the reasons for delays in harves