Catalogue · ID 92
Кабардино-русские отношения в XVI-XVIII вв. Документы и материалы. Том I
Author: Кушева Е. Н.
Year of publication: 1957
Describes Russian colonization of peoples: several peoples
Publication rights: free: document (a collection of 16th–18th-century documents, texts in the public domain)
What is here
| file | type | size | where |
|---|---|---|---|
| kabardino_russkie_otnosheniya_v_xvi_xviii_vv_dokumenty_i_materialy_tom_i_1957.txt | text | 69 KB | in this folder |
| kabardino_russkie_otnosheniya_v_xvi_xviii_vv_dokumenty_i_materialy_tom_i_1957.pdf | 79 KB | in this folder |
Where we got it
Original source: https://dzurdzuki.com/download/kabardino-russkie-otnosheniya-v-xvi-xviii-vv-dokumenty-i-materialy-tom-i-1957/
The text was transcribed by us from a scan or saved from the source page; the original file is kept alongside so the transcription can be checked.
Where the knowledge base cites it
This material is cited in 16 places.
Campaigns
- Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616)
Facts of administrative extortion and slave trading are documented: in a petition to Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, the service Okochans of the Terek town reported that the ruler "having taken from us by force 8 good horses from the herd, sent them off to his kabaks in Kabarda"
"wrongfully sold four of our Okochan comrades"
and "took a wife into bondage and sent her off to his kabaks in Kabarda"
The document adds that he subjected the Nokhchi to corporal punishment: "he orders us to be thrown into prison and beaten with the knout without thy sovereign knowledge and without guilt"
… 2 more
- Use of the Nokhchi in Military Expeditions, Intervention, and Imposition of Yasak (1626–1628)
- Police Registration and Restriction of Settlement (1631–1640)
The document prescribed identifying persons «whom it will not be possible to trust», and such people were «to be ordered sent out of the town of Terki, and ordered to go back to wherever each had come from, so that no harm would come to the town from them»
Belkov compiled a detailed name-by-name register of the population of the slobodas, rigidly documenting every household of the subordinated Nokhchi (Okochans) to ensure constant surveillance
- Establishment of Alien Governance and the Mobilization of the Nokhchi for the Crimean Campaigns (1661–1676)
Having received control, the appointed ruler became an instrument for implementing imperial objectives: in 1676, the central apparatus of the Ambassadorial Prikaz sent an instruction to Prince Kaspulat Mutsalovich Cherkassky on the need to arrive at the Terek «to administer the oath of allegiance of the population of the North Caucasus to Tsars Ivan and Peter Alekseevich»
A dispatch from Prince Kaspulat Mutsalovich Cherkassky to the Ambassadorial Prikaz of 1675 states that for the campaign into the Crimean uluses he had at his disposal various fighting men, including «190 Okochan men»
- Forcible Mobilization of the Nokhchi for the Russo-Turkish War (1677–1679)
The registers of archival documents for 1678 record a dispatch from the Chuhuiv voivode Ivan Rykhtarov to the Razriad Prikaz «on the march of the regiment of Prince Kaspulat Mutsalovich Cherkassky to Chuhuiv»
The exploitation of military potential continued the following year as well: in 1679, Tsar Fedor Alekseevich issued a decree to the Ambassadorial Prikaz on sending Prince Kaspulat Mutsalovich Cherkassky a charter «on his regiment's performance of guard duty in the vicinity of Chuhuiv and Kharkiv»
while a dispatch from Kaspulat Cherkassky himself to the Ambassadorial Prikaz for the same year states «on the arrival of his regiment at Valuyki»
Procedures
- Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616) — technique Labor Exploitation
The metropole itself went years without paying for the military service of the Indigenous population: a report from the Terek voivode Pyotr Petrovich Golovin to the Astrakhan voivode Ivan Nikitich Odoyevsky records that they «serve the sovereign tsar... in all manner of the sovereign's Terek... services... yet have not been granted the sovereign's monetary and grain salary for the tenth year now»
- Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616) — technique Pillage
Representatives of the metropole's authorities openly seized property from the Nokhchi population, abusing their official position: in their petition to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich, the service Okochans of the Terek town reported that the Kabardian prince Sunchaley Yanglychevich Cherkassky «having taken from us by force 8 good horses from the herd, sent them off to his kabaks (villages) in Kabarda»
- Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616) — technique Slave Trade
The appointed occupation administration enslaved the Indigenous population: a petition submitted to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich by the service Okochans of the Terek town stated that the Kabardian prince Sunchaley Yanglychevich Cherkassky «wrongfully sold 4 of our fellow Okochans»
and «took a wife into bondage and sent her off to his kabaks in Kabarda»
- Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616) — technique Torture and Abuse
The appointed occupation administration used corporal punishment and unlawful arrests: a petition submitted to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich by the service Okochans of the Terek town stated that the Kabardian prince Sunchaley Yanglychevich Cherkassky «orders us to be thrown into prison and beaten with the knout without your sovereign knowledge and without guilt»
- Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616) — technique Neutralization of the Opposition
The appointed occupation administration used unlawful arrests to suppress the resisting Indigenous population: a petition submitted to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich by the service Okochans of the Terek town stated that the Kabardian prince Sunchaley Yanglychevich Cherkassky «orders us to be thrown into prison and beaten with the knout without your sovereign knowledge and without guilt»
- Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616) — technique Deprivation of Agency
The metropole deliberately ignored official complaints by the Indigenous population about the arbitrary conduct of the appointed rulers, depriving them of the right to protection: the compilers of academic document collections state that, as regards the petition submitted to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich, «the petition of the «Okochans» was not granted»
- Use of the Nokhchi in Military Expeditions, Intervention, and Imposition of Yasak (1626–1628) — technique Forced Mobilization
- Police Registration and Restriction of Settlement (1631–1640) — technique Restriction of Settlement Geography
…Town, organizing the forced expulsion of unapproved persons and total demographic control: in 1631, Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich issued a decree to the Prikaz of the Kazan Palace ordering a census of the newly arrived Nokhchi (Michkizians and Okochans) and ruling that those of them «who cannot be trusted» must be «ordered to be expelled out of Tersky Town, and ordered to go back whence each had come»
Belkov compiled a name-by-name register of the population of the Terek slobodas, rigidly recording every household of the subordinate Nokhchi (Okochans)
- Establishment of Alien Governance and the Mobilization of the Nokhchi for the Crimean Campaigns (1661–1676) — technique Forced Registration of Subjecthood
The central authorities of the Tsardom of Muscovy used an appointed ruler for the legal subordination of the region: in 1676 the Posolsky Prikaz sent an instruction to the Kabardian prince Kaspulat Mutsalovich Cherkassky on the necessity of arriving at the Terek town «to administer the oath of the population of the North Caucasus to Tsars Ivan and Peter Alekseevich»
- Establishment of Alien Governance and the Mobilization of the Nokhchi for the Crimean Campaigns (1661–1676) — technique Forced Mobilization
The appointed controlled administration sent subordinated Nokhchi (Okochans) to take part in the metropole's Crimean campaigns: a dispatch from the Kabardian prince Kaspulat Mutsalovich Cherkassky to the Posolsky Prikaz in 1675 states that for the campaign against the Crimean ulusy he had at his disposal «190 Okochan men»
- Forcible Mobilization of the Nokhchi for the Russo-Turkish War (1677–1679) — technique Forced Mobilization
the document registers for 1678 record a dispatch from the Chuhuiv voivode Ivan Rykhtarov to the Razryadny Prikaz «on the march of the regiment of Prince Kaspulat Mutsalovich Cherkassky to Chuhuiv»
and in 1679 Tsar Fedor Alekseevich issued a decree to the Posolsky Prikaz «on his regiment performing guard duty in the vicinity of Chuhuiv and Kharkiv»