Catalogue · ID 104

Акты собранные Кавказскою археографическою комиссиею. Том VII (1827-1831)

Author: Кавказская археографическая комиссия
Year of publication: 1878
Describes Russian colonization of peoples: several peoples
Publication rights: free (public domain: published in 1878)

What is here

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Where we got it

Original source: https://web.archive.org/web/20250912093519/http://apsnyteka.org/381-akak_i_xii.html

The text was transcribed by us from a scan or saved from the source page; the original file is kept alongside so the transcription can be checked.

File fingerprints

Where the knowledge base cites it

This material is cited in 6 places.

Campaigns

• Deception and Forcible Detention of Beibulat Taimiev by Paskevich, Splitting Chechnya into Factions, and Coercion into an Oath of Allegiance (1828-1829)

  Emanuel, commander of the troops on the Caucasus Line, set a condition in his report to Paskevich: "the submission of Bey-Bulat and the other unsubdued Chechens will be recognized as well-intentioned only when they unconditionally take the oath and hand over amanats (hostages)"

  In his instruction to Emanuel, Paskevich revealed the calculation of splitting the people: "it is not without use for us to have two factions in Chechnya, which, both remaining submissive to our government, will by internecine discord be restrained from hostile designs against the Russians"

  of undertaking anything hostile"; "Having kept them in this way for the whole summer, I secured tranquility for the Line on their part"

  The same instruction confirmed the regulation on Chechnya: amanats from every elder's district "as a pledge of submission" in the fortress of Groznaya, the son of the Shamkhal as commissar over the Chechens, and travel into imperial territory only with tickets (written passes) from the commissar

  … 1 more

Procedures

• Deception and Forcible Detention of Beibulat Taimiev by Paskevich, Splitting Chechnya into Factions, and Coercion into an Oath of Allegiance (1828-1829) — technique Support for a Controlled Opposition

  In his instruction of May 16, 1829 to Emanuel, commander of the troops on the Caucasian Line, Paskevich wrote: "it is not without use for us to have two parties in Chechnya which, both remaining obedient to our government, will through internecine strife be restrained from hostile designs against the Russians"

  To this end he dispatched couriers (messengers with a special commission) to the elders of the Beibulat party, instructed Engelhardt, commander of the left flank of the Caucasian Line, to "assist as far as possible" in summoning them, and by the regulation of August 2, 1829 placed the son of the Shamkhal of Tarki over the Chechens as commissar

• Deception and Forcible Detention of Beibulat Taimiev by Paskevich, Splitting Chechnya into Factions, and Coercion into an Oath of Allegiance (1828-1829) — technique Forced Registration of Subjecthood

  The Chechens themselves, in a petition to Paskevich in April 1829, documented the backdrop against which the submission was being signed: the imperial command "arrested, took captive, hanged and exiled to Siberia and to other places many of those who, being obedient, served the great Sovereign"

  Emanuel, commander of the troops on the Caucasian Line, in a report to Paskevich of May 15, 1829, made the recognition of submission conditional: it "will be recognized as well-intentioned only when they unconditionally take the oath and hand over amanats"

• Deception and Forcible Detention of Beibulat Taimiev by Paskevich, Splitting Chechnya into Factions, and Coercion into an Oath of Allegiance (1828-1829) — technique Neutralization of the Opposition

  Paskevich admitted the deception in his own hand in his instruction to Emanuel of August 2, 1829: "I at once resolved to summon to myself, under the guise of explanations, their elders and the elder Bei-Bulat known to you, so that, having drawn them away here, I might deprive this tribe of the possibility, in case of discontent, of undertaking anything hostile"

• Deception and Forcible Detention of Beibulat Taimiev by Paskevich, Splitting Chechnya into Factions, and Coercion into an Oath of Allegiance (1828-1829) — technique Hostage-Taking

  In his instruction to Emanuel of May 16, 1829, he wrote: "The mere absence of these people, who will be with us in the manner of amanats, will restrain the unpacified Chechens from any hostile attempts"

  Having kept them in this way for a whole summer, I secured tranquility for the Line on their part"

  to remain himself as a pledge in the fortress of Grozny"

• Deception and Forcible Detention of Beibulat Taimiev by Paskevich, Splitting Chechnya into Factions, and Coercion into an Oath of Allegiance (1828-1829) — technique Economic Control

  By the regulation of August 2, 1829, Commander-in-Chief Paskevich locked the Chechens' access to trade onto a commissar appointed by the empire: travel to imperial territory was permitted only with tickets (written passes) — "To him is also granted the right to issue tickets to the said Chechens for travel into our domains on trade business"

  In practice, the pass system was supplemented by arbitrariness: Chechen society wrote to Paskevich on November 21, 1829 that Engelhardt and Khasai-Musa "order their subordinates to place under arrest all those Chechens who come to them with tickets from Shahbaz," while those obedient to Khasai-Musa act so that the Chechens are deprived of their "means of sustenance"